The Download: inside the Musk v. Altman trial, and AI for democracy

《下载》：马斯克诉奥特曼案内幕，以及人工智能与民主

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. 这是今日份的《下载》，我们每日更新的简报，为您提供科技世界的每日动态。

Week one of the Musk v. Altman trial: what it was like in the room

马斯克诉奥特曼案第一周：庭审现场实录

Two of the most powerful figures in AI—Sam Altman and Elon Musk—are in the middle of a landmark legal showdown, with Musk alleging he was misled about OpenAI becoming a for-profit company. Our reporter Michelle Kim, who also happens to be a lawyer, has been in court each day, and has broken down the first week’s key moments in her latest report. In a new Q&A, she also reveals what it was like in the room, the new details that have emerged about how Musk and OpenAI operate—and what we can expect from this week’s proceedings. Find out what she’s discovered so far, and if you want to keep up with MIT Technology Review’s ongoing coverage of the Musk v. Altman trial, follow @techreview or @michelletomkim on X. —James O’Donnell 人工智能领域两位最有权势的人物——萨姆·奥特曼（Sam Altman）和埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）——正处于一场里程碑式的法律对决之中，马斯克指控在 OpenAI 转为营利性公司的问题上受到了误导。我们的记者米歇尔·金（Michelle Kim）同时也是一名律师，她每天都在法庭现场，并在最新的报道中梳理了第一周的关键时刻。在一份新的问答中，她还揭示了庭审现场的情况、关于马斯克和 OpenAI 运作方式的新细节，以及我们对本周庭审的预期。了解她目前的发现，如果您想跟进《麻省理工科技评论》对马斯克诉奥特曼案的持续报道，请在 X 上关注 @techreview 或 @michelletomkim。——詹姆斯·奥唐奈（James O’Donnell）

This story is from The Algorithm, our weekly newsletter giving you the inside track on all things AI. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every Monday. 本文摘自我们的每周简报《算法》（The Algorithm），为您提供人工智能领域的一切内幕。欢迎订阅，每周一发送至您的收件箱。

A blueprint for using AI to strengthen democracy

利用人工智能加强民主的蓝图

—Andrew Sorota & Josh Hendler lead work on AI and democracy at the Office of Eric Schmidt. Faster than many realize, AI is becoming the primary interface through which we form beliefs and participate in democratic self-governance. This shift could further strain already fragile institutions, but it could also help address problems like polarization and declining civic engagement. What happens next depends on design choices that are already being made, whether we know it or not. Here’s how we can harness AI to strengthen democracy. ——安德鲁·索罗塔（Andrew Sorota）和乔什·亨德勒（Josh Hendler）在埃里克·施密特（Eric Schmidt）办公室负责人工智能与民主的相关工作。人工智能正以比许多人预想更快的速度，成为我们形成信念和参与民主自治的主要界面。这种转变可能会进一步加剧本已脆弱的制度压力，但它也有助于解决两极分化和公民参与度下降等问题。接下来会发生什么，取决于我们现在所做的设计选择，无论我们是否意识到这一点。以下是我们如何利用人工智能来加强民主的方法。

Artificial scientists: 10 Things That Matter in AI Right Now

人工智能科学家：当下人工智能领域最重要的 10 件事

Large language models can already assist scientists in all sorts of ways, from writing code to searching through literature and drafting articles. But companies and labs have a much more ambitious vision. They want to build AI systems that can act as a full member of a scientific team—and even conduct entire research projects. These artificial scientists seem like a win for frontier labs and for society at large. But they could also narrow the scope of scientific inquiry. Read the full story on how artificial scientists could reshape the research process—and what might be lost along the way. —Grace Huckins 大型语言模型已经可以在各种方面辅助科学家，从编写代码到检索文献和起草文章。但公司和实验室有着更宏大的愿景。他们希望构建能够作为科研团队正式成员的人工智能系统，甚至能够独立开展整个研究项目。这些“人工智能科学家”对于前沿实验室和整个社会来说似乎是一项胜利，但它们也可能缩小科学探索的范围。阅读完整报道，了解人工智能科学家如何重塑研究过程，以及在此过程中可能会失去什么。——格蕾丝·哈金斯（Grace Huckins）

Artificial scientists is an item on our list of the 10 Things That Matter in AI Right Now, MIT Technology Review’s guide to what’s really worth your attention in the busy, buzzy world of AI. We’re unpacking one item from the list each day here in The Download, so stay tuned. “人工智能科学家”是我们《当下人工智能领域最重要的 10 件事》榜单中的一项，这是《麻省理工科技评论》为您整理的在繁忙且喧嚣的人工智能世界中真正值得关注的内容。我们每天会在《下载》中解读榜单中的一项，敬请关注。

The must-reads

必读内容

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 我梳理了互联网，为您找出了今天关于科技的最有趣、最重要、最可怕和最引人入胜的故事。

The Pentagon has struck sweeping AI deals for classified work It’s signed contracts with Microsoft, Nvidia, AWS, and Reflection AI. (NYT $) It wants the US military to be an “AI-first” force. (BBC) The announcement leaves Anthropic increasingly isolated. (WP $) Here’s how the firms could train on classified data. (MIT Technology Review)
五角大楼就机密工作达成广泛的人工智能协议 已与微软、英伟达、亚马逊云科技（AWS）和 Reflection AI 签署合同。（《纽约时报》）五角大楼希望美军成为一支“人工智能优先”的部队。（BBC）这一声明使 Anthropic 愈发孤立。（《华盛顿邮报》）了解这些公司如何利用机密数据进行训练。（《麻省理工科技评论》）
Elon Musk has finally settled the SEC lawsuit over the Twitter purchase He’s agreed to pay a $1.5 million fine for waiting too long to disclose his initial stock purchases. (Guardian) But won’t lose any of the $150 million he allegedly saved. (The Verge) Musk allegedly illegally hid his growing Twitter stake. (CBS News)
埃隆·马斯克终于就收购推特一事与美国证券交易委员会（SEC）达成和解 他同意支付 150 万美元罚款，原因是他延迟披露了最初的股票购买情况。（《卫报》）但他不会损失据称节省下来的 1.5 亿美元中的任何一部分。（The Verge）马斯克被指非法隐瞒了其不断增加的推特持股。（CBS 新闻）
A Chinese court has ruled that firms can’t lay off workers on AI grounds They can’t terminate employees just to replace them with AI. (Bloomberg $) The court said a firm had illegally fired one of its workers. (NPR) Chinese tech workers are starting to train their AI doubles—and pushing back. (MIT Technology Review)
中国法院裁定企业不得以人工智能为由裁员 企业不能仅仅为了用人工智能取代员工而解雇他们。（《彭博社》）法院认定某公司非法解雇了一名员工。（NPR）中国科技工作者开始训练自己的“人工智能替身”并进行反击。（《麻省理工科技评论》）
A gene therapy is helping deaf children hear again In a trial, 80% of patients gained measurable hearing. (Vox)
基因疗法正在帮助失聪儿童重获听力 在一项试验中，80% 的患者获得了可测量的听力。（Vox）
The White House is vetting AI models before they’re released It may create a new working group to oversee AI development. (NYT $) A war over AI regulation is coming to the US. (MIT Technology Review)
白宫正在对人工智能模型进行发布前审查 可能会成立一个新的工作组来监督人工智能的发展。（《纽约时报》）一场关于人工智能监管的战争即将在美国爆发。（《麻省理工科技评论》）
Nature has retracted a paper on ChatGPT’s educational benefits Over “discrepancies” and a lack of confidence in the findings. (404 Media) The paper had already racked up hundreds of citations. (Ars Technica) AI giants want to take over the classroom. (MIT Technology Review)
《自然》杂志撤回了一篇关于 ChatGPT 教育益处的论文 原因是存在“差异”且对研究结果缺乏信心。（404 Media）该论文此前已获得数百次引用。（Ars Technica）人工智能巨头想要接管课堂。（《麻省理工科技评论》）
GameStop made a $56 billion bid for eBay eBay said it was reviewing the offer. (Ars Technica) The bid has drawn skepticism from investors and analysts. (Reuters $)
游戏驿站（GameStop）对 eBay 发出了 560 亿美元的收购要约 eBay 表示正在审查该提议。（Ars Technica）该出价引起了投资者和分析师的怀疑。（路透社）
AI systems are increasingly used to monitor workers’ emotions New tools claim to measure “agreeability” as well as productivity. (The Atlantic $)
人工智能系统越来越多地被用于监控员工情绪 新工具声称不仅能衡量生产力，还能衡量“宜人性”。（《大西洋月刊》）
Peter Thiel is backing wave-powered data centers He’s leading a $1.4 billion investment into a startup developing the tech. (FT $)
彼得·蒂尔（Peter Thiel）支持波浪能驱动的数据中心 他正在领投 1.4 亿美元给一家开发该技术的初创公司。（《金融时报》）
Ask Jeeves is shutting down after nearly 30 years online The closure marks the end of one of the internet’s earliest search engines. (NYT $)
Ask Jeeves 在上线近 30 年后即将关闭 此次关闭标志着互联网最早的搜索引擎之一走向终结。（《纽约时报》）

Quote of the day

今日金句

“By the end of this week, you and Sam will be the most hated men in America.” “到本周末，你和萨姆将成为美国最令人憎恨的人。”

—Elon Musk texted a warning to OpenAI president Greg Brockman two days before their courtroom battle started, NBC News reports. ——据 NBC 新闻报道，在法庭对决开始前两天，埃隆·马斯克向 OpenAI 总裁格雷格·布罗克曼（Greg Brockman）发短信发出了警告。

One More Thing

还有一件事

Meet the divers trying to figure out how deep humans can go 认识一下那些试图探索人类潜水极限的潜水员

Two hundred and thirty meters into one of the deepest underwater caves on Earth, a team of extreme divers tested a route to new depth records: breathing hydrogen. They believe the gas could help the human body withstand underwater pressure significantly past its natural threshold. But the approach is highly experimental—and dangerous. Find out how far they’re willing to go. —Samantha Schuyler 在地球最深的水下洞穴之一，深入 230 米处，一支极限潜水员团队测试了一条通往新深度记录的路线：呼吸氢气。他们认为这种气体可以帮助人体承受远超自然极限的水下压力。但这种方法极具实验性，且非常危险。了解他们愿意走多远。——萨曼莎·斯凯勒（Samantha Schuyler）

We can still have nice things 我们依然可以拥有美好事物

A place for comfort, fun and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line.) 一个为您提供舒适、乐趣和消遣，点亮您一天的地方。（有什么想法吗？给我写信。）

Wild horses are roaming in Spain for the first time in 10,000 years.
西班牙 1 万年来首次出现野生马群。
Star Wars meets the Renaissance in this bardcore cover of the “Imperial March.”
在这首“吟游诗人风格”的《帝国进行曲》翻唱中，星球大战与文艺复兴相遇。
Improve your writing by avoiding these six common linguistic pitfalls shared by many Americans.
通过避免许多美国人常犯的这六个语言陷阱来提升您的写作水平。