The Download: deepfake porn’s stolen bodies and AI sharing private numbers

查看原文 / View Original 编辑 / Edit

《下载》：深度伪造色情内容中被盗用的身体与 AI 泄露私人号码

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. 这是我们工作日时事通讯《下载》的今日版，为您提供每日科技界动态。

The shock of seeing your body used in deepfake porn

看到自己的身体被用于深度伪造色情内容的震惊

When Jennifer got a research job in 2023, she ran her new professional headshot through a facial recognition program. She wanted to see whether it would pull up the porn videos she’d made more than a decade earlier. It did, but it also surfaced something she’d never seen before: one of her old videos, now featuring someone else’s face on her body. 2023 年，当詹妮弗（Jennifer）获得一份研究工作时，她将自己的新职业头像放入人脸识别程序中进行检索。她想看看这是否会搜出她十多年前拍摄的色情视频。结果确实搜到了，但同时也浮现出她从未见过的内容：她的一段旧视频，现在却被换上了别人的脸。

Conversations about sexualized deepfakes usually focus on the people whose faces are inserted into explicit content without consent. But another group often gets ignored: the people whose bodies those faces are attached to. Adult content creators say AI systems are training on their work, cloning their likenesses, and generating explicit content they never agreed to make, all with little legal protection or control. Read the full story on the threat to their rights, livelihoods, and ownership of their own bodies. —Jessica Klein 关于性化深度伪造的讨论通常集中在那些未经同意就被换脸到露骨内容中的人身上。但另一个群体往往被忽视：那些身体被“借用”的人。成人内容创作者表示，AI 系统正在利用她们的作品进行训练、克隆她们的形象，并生成她们从未同意制作的露骨内容，而她们几乎没有任何法律保护或控制权。阅读关于她们的权利、生计及身体所有权所面临威胁的完整报道。——Jessica Klein

This story is part of our The Big Story series, the home for MIT Technology Review’s most important, ambitious reporting. You can read the rest here. 本文是我们“大报道”（The Big Story）系列的一部分，该系列汇集了《麻省理工科技评论》最重要、最具雄心的报道。你可以在此阅读其余内容。

AI chatbots are giving out people’s real phone numbers

AI 聊天机器人正在泄露人们的真实电话号码

Generative AI is exposing people’s personal contact information—and there’s no easy way to stop it. A software developer started receiving WhatsApp messages asking for help after Gemini surfaced his number. A university researcher got the chatbot to reveal a colleague’s private cell number. A Reddit user says Gemini sent a stream of callers looking for lawyers to his phone. 生成式 AI 正在暴露人们的个人联系信息，而且目前没有简单的方法来阻止它。一位软件开发人员在 Gemini 泄露了他的号码后，开始收到寻求帮助的 WhatsApp 消息。一位大学研究员通过聊天机器人获取了一位同事的私人手机号码。一位 Reddit 用户称，Gemini 将大量寻找律师的来电引向了他的手机。

Experts believe these privacy lapses stem from personally identifiable information in AI training data. Chatbots may now be making that information dramatically easier to find. Find out why these breaches are growing—and why there’s little that victims can do to stop them. —Eileen Guo 专家认为，这些隐私漏洞源于 AI 训练数据中包含的个人身份信息。聊天机器人现在可能让这些信息变得极其容易被搜索到。了解为什么这些泄露事件在增加，以及为什么受害者几乎无力阻止它们。——Eileen Guo

The Tesla Semi could be a big deal for electric trucking

特斯拉 Semi 卡车可能成为电动货运领域的重要转折点

Nearly a decade after Elon Musk first unveiled the Tesla Semi, the electric truck is finally rolling off the production line. It could be a breakout moment for battery-powered freight. Semitrucks produce an outsized share of road transport pollution, while electric alternatives have struggled with high prices, limited range, and charging challenges. 在埃隆·马斯克首次发布特斯拉 Semi 卡车近十年后，这款电动卡车终于开始下线。这可能是电池驱动货运的一个突破性时刻。半挂卡车产生了道路运输中不成比例的污染，而电动替代方案一直受困于高昂的价格、有限的续航里程和充电挑战。

Tesla is betting the Semi can overcome those problems. The truck reportedly travels up to 480 miles on a single charge and costs far less than many competing electric models. Here’s how the Tesla Semi could give electric trucking a vital boost. —Casey Crownhart 特斯拉押注 Semi 卡车能够克服这些问题。据报道，该卡车单次充电续航里程可达 480 英里，且成本远低于许多竞争对手的电动车型。了解特斯拉 Semi 如何为电动货运注入关键动力。——Casey Crownhart

This article is from The Spark, MIT Technology Review’s weekly climate newsletter. To receive it in your inbox every Wednesday, sign up here. 本文来自《麻省理工科技评论》的每周气候时事通讯《火花》（The Spark）。如需每周三在收件箱中接收，请在此注册。

The must-reads

必读内容

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 我已梳理了互联网，为您找出今天关于科技最有趣、最重要、最可怕和最引人入胜的故事。

The US has approved Nvidia chip sales to 10 Chinese firms 美国批准向 10 家中国公司出售英伟达芯片 Alibaba, Tencent, and ByteDance are among those cleared to buy H200 chips. (Reuters) 阿里巴巴、腾讯和字节跳动等公司获准购买 H200 芯片。（路透社） The US will receive 25% of the revenue from the sales. (Engadget) 美国将从这些销售额中获得 25% 的收入。（Engadget） But Beijing wants domestic firms to prioritize homegrown chips. (Nikkei Asia) 但北京方面希望国内企业优先使用国产芯片。（日经亚洲） Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang is in China with a White House delegation. (CNBC) 英伟达首席执行官黄仁勋正随白宫代表团在中国访问。（CNBC）
Beijing’s push for AI independence is weakening US leverage 北京推动 AI 自主化正在削弱美国的筹码 It’s allowing China to resist pressure during the Beijing talks. (NYT) 这使得中国在会谈中能够抵御压力。（纽约时报） The country has made a big bet on open-source. (MIT Technology Review) 中国在开源领域进行了巨大投入。（麻省理工科技评论） Here’s what’s at stake for tech at the Trump-Xi meeting. (Rest of World) 了解特朗普与习近平会晤中科技领域的利害关系。（Rest of World）
AI is “rotting the brains” of developers AI 正在“腐蚀”开发者的头脑 They’re losing their previous abilities to do their jobs. (404 Media) 他们正在丧失原本的工作能力。（404 Media） A populist backlash is building against AI. (MIT Technology Review) 针对 AI 的民粹主义反弹正在形成。（麻省理工科技评论） It’s time to reset our expectations about AI. (MIT Technology Review) 是时候重新调整我们对 AI 的期望了。（麻省理工科技评论）
Sam Altman has over $2 billion in companies that have dealt with OpenAI 萨姆·奥特曼在与 OpenAI 有业务往来的公司中拥有超过 20 亿美元的股份 The ties have triggered accusations of conflicts of interest. (The Times) 这些关联引发了利益冲突的指控。（泰晤士报） The GOP is scrutinizing Altman’s business dealings. (WSJ) 共和党正在审查奥特曼的商业交易。（华尔街日报）
Andreessen Horowitz has become the top political donor in the US Andreessen Horowitz 已成为美国最大的政治捐款人 A16z contributed $115.5 million to the midterm elections. (NYT) A16z 为中期选举捐款 1.155 亿美元。（纽约时报） AI lobbying has reached a fever pitch. (NYT) AI 游说活动已达到白热化程度。（纽约时报）
Microsoft feared being too dependent on OpenAI 微软曾担心过度依赖 OpenAI CEO Satya Nadella was worried about OpenAI supplanting his company. (CNBC) 首席执行官萨提亚·纳德拉担心 OpenAI 会取代他的公司。（CNBC） Microsoft is eyeing startup deals for life after OpenAI. (Reuters) 微软正在为 OpenAI 之后的未来寻求初创公司交易。（路透社）
AI systems are forecasting wars and regime collapse AI 系统正在预测战争和政权更迭 One estimates a 20% chance of regime change in Iran by 2026. (Economist) 一项预测显示，伊朗到 2026 年发生政权更迭的概率为 20%。（经济学人） AI has turned the Iran conflict into theater. (MIT Technology Review) AI 已将伊朗冲突变成了一场“戏码”。（麻省理工科技评论）
Anthropic says a model behaved badly due to training on dystopian sci-fi Anthropic 表示模型表现不佳是因为训练数据中包含了反乌托邦科幻小说 Training on more positive stories could help. (Ars Technica) 使用更积极的故事进行训练可能会有所帮助。（Ars Technica）
Data centers now consume 6% of the electricity in the US and UK 数据中心目前消耗了美英两国 6% 的电力 AI’s global energy consumption is up 15% globally in two years. (Guardian) 全球 AI 能源消耗在两年内增长了 15%。（卫报）
NASA has rescued Curiosity after its drill got stuck on Mars NASA 在“好奇号”火星车钻头卡住后成功将其解救 The agency has just revealed how it freed the rover. (Wired) 该机构刚刚揭示了它是如何解救火星车的。（连线）

Quote of the day

今日名言

“Musk loves to be glazed, and this person is the doughnut factory.” “马斯克喜欢被‘涂糖霜’（指被吹捧），而这个人就是甜甜圈工厂。”

—Joan Donovan, assistant professor of journalism and emerging media studies at Boston University, tells the Washington Post how Elon Musk has consistently amplified one anonymous X account. ——波士顿大学新闻学与新兴媒体研究助理教授琼·多诺万（Joan Donovan）在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时，描述了埃隆·马斯克如何持续地放大某个匿名 X 账号的声音。

One More Thing

还有一件事

Inside the messy ethics of making war with machines 深入探讨机器战争中混乱的伦理问题

In a near-future war—one that might begin tomorrow—a sniper’s computer vision system flags a potential target. Just over the horizon, a chatbot advises a commander to order an artillery strike. In both cases, an AI system recommends pulling the trigger while a human still has the final say. But how much of the decision is really theirs? When, if ever, is it ethical for that decision to kill? And who’s to blame when something goes wrong? This is how AI is reshaping decision-making on the battlefield. —Arthur Holland Michel 在不久的将来——甚至可能明天就会爆发的战争中，狙击手的计算机视觉系统标记了一个潜在目标。在地平线之外，聊天机器人建议指挥官下令进行炮火打击。在这两种情况下，AI 系统都建议扣动扳机，而人类仍拥有最终决定权。但这些决定中有多少真正属于人类？在什么情况下（如果有的话）做出杀戮决定是合乎道德的？当出现问题时，谁该负责？这就是 AI 如何重塑战场决策的过程。——Arthur Holland Michel

We can still have nice things 我们依然可以拥有美好事物

A place for comfort, fun, and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line.) 一个提供舒适、乐趣和消遣的地方，为您的一天增添色彩。（有什么想法吗？给我写信。）

The secrets behind how Shazam works
Shazam 工作原理背后的秘密