DOJ sues states that rejected ICE requests for undercover license plates
DOJ sues states that rejected ICE requests for undercover license plates
美国司法部起诉拒绝为移民及海关执法局（ICE）提供卧底车牌的州
The Trump administration continues to claim in lawsuits that ICE monitoring sites are doxing agents, without showing evidence that’s happening. Most recently, the Department of Justice pointed to sites like ICEList.info and ICESpy.org in lawsuits it filed in an attempt to force four states to reverse policies blocking ICE agents from registering undercover license plates. 特朗普政府在诉讼中持续声称，监控 ICE 的网站正在对特工进行“人肉搜索”（doxing），但并未提供相关证据。最近，美国司法部在起诉四个州时，指名 ICEList.info 和 ICESpy.org 等网站，试图迫使这些州撤销禁止 ICE 特工注册卧底车牌的政策。
The DOJ alleged that the states’ policies are unconstitutional, unlawfully requiring federal officers to abide by different rules than state officers who can easily obtain undercover plates. Among risks to ICE agents denied undercover plates, the DOJ counted alleged threats of increased harassment and invasive tracking of officers, as well as the possibility that targets of ICE enforcement may more easily evade arrest. 司法部指控这些州的政策违宪，非法要求联邦官员遵守与州官员不同的规则，而州官员却可以轻易获得卧底车牌。司法部认为，被拒绝提供卧底车牌的 ICE 特工面临的风险包括：遭受更多骚扰和被侵入式追踪的威胁，以及执法目标可能更容易逃避逮捕。
In all the complaints, the DOJ claimed that confidential registrations also protect officers by making sure that no one can submit a public records request to access vehicle registration information. That is supposedly crucial since protesters and ICE watchers across the US keep photographing and filming ICE activity and posting that content online. Blocking license plate lookups would thwart additional risks of doxing, the DOJ claimed. 在所有诉状中，司法部声称保密注册还能通过确保无人能通过公共记录请求获取车辆注册信息来保护官员。司法部认为这一点至关重要，因为全美的抗议者和 ICE 观察员一直在拍摄 ICE 的活动并将其发布到网上。司法部称，阻止车牌查询将能遏制进一步的“人肉搜索”风险。
But the only support for claims of increased doxing that the DOJ provided was naming two ICE monitoring websites that prohibit doxing, and advocates have argued the websites are protected under the First Amendment. ICESpy.org uses facial recognition to compare uploaded photos of ICE agents to public LinkedIn profile photos, only ever linking users to content that ICE agents themselves post online. 然而，司法部为“人肉搜索增加”这一说法提供的唯一支持，仅仅是点名了两个禁止“人肉搜索”的监控网站，而倡导者们认为这些网站受美国宪法第一修正案保护。ICESpy.org 使用人脸识别技术将上传的 ICE 特工照片与公开的 LinkedIn 个人资料照片进行比对，仅将用户链接到特工本人在网上发布的内容。
The website explicitly warns that “threatening federal employees is a felony” and explains that it can’t be used to harass ICE employees, since “there is no additional useful information beyond what is self-reported on LinkedIn.” Similarly, ICEList.info is designed to act as a sort of wiki, collecting updates on ICE enforcement activity and cataloging detentions, arrests, and deportations. 该网站明确警告“威胁联邦雇员是重罪”，并解释称它不能用于骚扰 ICE 员工，因为“除了 LinkedIn 上自述的信息外，没有其他有用的额外信息”。同样，ICEList.info 被设计成一种维基百科式的平台，收集 ICE 执法活动的更新，并对拘留、逮捕和驱逐出境的情况进行编目。
Individual agents are listed “where sufficient evidence exists” to link them to enforcement events, the About page said, and any attempts to post information that could be used to dox agents violate site rules and are deleted. “False submissions, harassment, or attempts to misuse the platform will be removed,” the About page said. 其“关于”页面显示，只有在“有充分证据”将其与执法事件联系起来时，才会列出个别特工。任何试图发布可用于“人肉搜索”特工的信息的行为都违反了网站规则，并将被删除。“虚假提交、骚扰或试图滥用平台的行为将被移除，”页面写道。
Dominick Skinner, who owns ICE List, told Wired that “he does not believe that what ICE List does is doxing,” primarily because “ICE List doesn’t post the home addresses of identified agents.” In a press release, the DOJ said that it considers doxing to be the sharing of “a victim’s Social Security number, home address, home phone number, mobile phone number, and personal email address.” An incomplete Ars review spot checking 100 profiles of ICE agents on ICE List showed only publicly posted professional contact information. ICE List 的所有者多米尼克·斯金纳（Dominick Skinner）告诉《连线》杂志，他“不认为 ICE List 的行为属于人肉搜索”，主要是因为“ICE List 不会发布被识别特工的家庭住址”。司法部在一份新闻稿中表示，其将“人肉搜索”定义为分享“受害者的社会安全号码、家庭住址、家庭电话、手机号码和个人电子邮件地址”。Ars 对 ICE List 上 100 个 ICE 特工资料进行的抽样审查显示，其中仅包含公开的职业联系信息。
DOJ’s lack of doxing evidence
司法部缺乏“人肉搜索”证据
The Trump administration has routinely relied on bare mentions of threats of doxing to pressure platforms into censoring social media posts showing ICE activity or linking to sites like ICE List, Freedom of Information Act lawsuits have claimed. But there’s a notable lack of arrests to back up those claims. 根据《信息自由法》诉讼的说法，特朗普政府经常仅凭提及“人肉搜索威胁”，就向平台施压，要求其审查展示 ICE 活动或链接到 ICE List 等网站的社交媒体帖子。但目前明显缺乏逮捕行动来支持这些说法。
As recently as January, the DOJ has insisted that ICE officers are facing an 8,000 percent increase in death threats. But that press release did not specify where that statistic comes from. Instead, the agency shared the transcript of a single voicemail that was left for an ICE officer in Minnesota on January 24. 就在今年 1 月，司法部还坚称 ICE 官员面临的死亡威胁增加了 8000%。但该新闻稿并未说明这一统计数据的来源。相反，该机构分享了一份 1 月 24 日留给明尼苏达州一名 ICE 官员的语音留言记录。
In it, the caller doesn’t directly threaten violence, but appears try to intimidate the officer by saying that they “hope” that his wife and mom die and that “everything wrong that could go in your life happens.” They tell the officer that they “hope” the officer gets “hit by a bus” and “paralyzed.” And they end by calling the officer a “traitor to the American people” and urging that the officer “should kill yourself.” 在留言中，来电者没有直接威胁暴力，但似乎试图通过说“希望”他的妻子和母亲死亡，以及“生活中所有糟糕的事情都发生在你身上”来恐吓该官员。他们告诉该官员，他们“希望”他“被公交车撞”并“瘫痪”。最后，他们称该官员为“美国人民的叛徒”，并敦促他“应该自杀”。
In that press release, then-Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem said that intimidation tactics like the voicemail and allegedly increased doxing attempts would not be tolerated. Threatening felony charges, she warned that “if you lay a hand on a law enforcement officer or dox our officers, you will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.” 在那份新闻稿中，时任国土安全部部长克里斯蒂·诺姆（Kristi Noem）表示，像语音留言这样的恐吓手段以及所谓的“人肉搜索”企图增加是不可容忍的。她以重罪指控相威胁，警告称：“如果你对执法人员动手或对我们的官员进行人肉搜索，你将受到法律最严厉的起诉。”
However, in the lawsuits over the undercover plates, the DOJ only pointed to one person charged with doxing an ICE agent. And notably, that suspect didn’t actually dox an ICE agent, but an ICE attorney whose family the suspect apparently had been harassing for quite some time prior to Donald Trump re-taking office. 然而，在关于卧底车牌的诉讼中，司法部仅指出了一名被控“人肉搜索”ICE 特工的人。值得注意的是，该嫌疑人实际上并没有“人肉搜索”ICE 特工，而是搜索了一名 ICE 律师，且在唐纳德·特朗普重新上任前，该嫌疑人显然已经骚扰这名律师的家人很长一段时间了。
In a press release last September, the DOJ announced that a 68-year-old Santa Monica man, Gregory John Curcio, was charged with doxing and harassing an ICE lawyer. Curcio allegedly posted the lawyer’s home address on Facebook and encouraged viewers to “swat” the target by placing a false emergency call at the residence that would incite police to respond with force. 去年 9 月，司法部在一份新闻稿中宣布，一名 68 岁的圣莫尼卡男子格雷戈里·约翰·库尔西奥（Gregory John Curcio）被控“人肉搜索”并骚扰一名 ICE 律师。库尔西奥涉嫌在 Facebook 上发布了该律师的家庭住址，并鼓励观众通过向该住所拨打虚假紧急电话来“突袭”（swat）目标，从而煽动警察采取武力响应。
As the DOJ spins it in the state complaints, this incident is part of a pattern of harassment where social media posts documenting ICE activity make it easier to target ICE agents at their homes. However, the press release noted that the address that Curcio posted was not the lawyer’s address, but her mother’s address. It further clarified that Curcio had allegedly harassed her mother “for years,” making false statements and engaging in a harassment campaign beginning in January 2024. 正如司法部在针对各州的诉状中所描述的那样，这一事件是骚扰模式的一部分，即记录 ICE 活动的社交媒体帖子使得在特工家中针对他们变得更容易。然而，新闻稿指出，库尔西奥发布的地址并非该律师的地址，而是她母亲的地址。新闻稿进一步澄清，库尔西奥涉嫌“多年来”一直骚扰其母亲，并从 2024 年 1 月开始发表虚假陈述并进行骚扰活动。
Other evidence that the DOJ relies on to suggest that agents need more protections in states blocking undercover plates include an October press release where the DOJ alleged that “credible intelligence” indicated that “Mexican criminals” were conspiring with “street gangs in Chicago” to “monitor, harass, and assassinate federal agents.” 司法部用来暗示在阻止卧底车牌的州中特工需要更多保护的其他证据，包括 10 月份的一份新闻稿，其中司法部声称有“可靠情报”表明，“墨西哥罪犯”正在与“芝加哥街头帮派”勾结，以“监视、骚扰和暗杀联邦特工”。