Preparing for KDE Plasma’s Last X11-Supported Release

准备迎接 KDE Plasma 最后一个支持 X11 的版本

When we first announced the transition to Plasma Wayland, one of Martin’s slides from stated, “It’s done when it’s done!” That talk was 15 years ago! Nothing in software is never truly “done”, but as announced previously we are finally at a point where we’re ready to retire the X11 and put all our focus on the future. As of today, the Plasma X11 session you can log into has been officially removed, and we will start a mass cleanup of X11-specific code soon.

当我们最初宣布向 Plasma Wayland 过渡时，Martin 的幻灯片中曾写道：“完成之时即是完成之日！”那次演讲已经是 15 年前的事了！软件领域中没有什么是真正“完成”的，但正如之前所宣布的那样，我们终于到了准备淘汰 X11 并将所有精力投入到未来的时刻。从今天起，您可以登录的 Plasma X11 会话已被正式移除，我们将很快开始大规模清理 X11 专用代码。

When does it take effect? This change will be included in Plasma 6.8, which will be released in around five months. What’s Changed? In Plasma 6.8, there will be no X11 session in the login screen. There will only be a Wayland session available to log into. In 6.8, all X11-specific code paths in Plasma for Plasma Shell, System Settings, and device configuration will be gone.

该变更何时生效？此项更改将包含在约五个月后发布的 Plasma 6.8 中。有哪些变化？在 Plasma 6.8 中，登录界面将不再提供 X11 会话，仅提供 Wayland 会话供登录。在 6.8 版本中，Plasma Shell、系统设置和设备配置中所有与 X11 相关的代码路径都将被移除。

What’s stayed the same? XWayland support remains present. You can keep using your X11 applications, and our XWayland application support is second-to-none. If you use KDE applications on another desktop environment, this change will have no effect. KDE applications will continue to work in X11 for the foreseeable future. Plasma Login Manager will continue to be able to log you into X11 sessions of other desktop environments.

有哪些保持不变？XWayland 支持依然存在。您可以继续使用您的 X11 应用程序，我们的 XWayland 应用支持是首屈一指的。如果您在其他桌面环境中使用 KDE 应用程序，此更改不会产生任何影响。在可预见的未来，KDE 应用程序将继续在 X11 上运行。Plasma 登录管理器也将继续支持您登录到其他桌面环境的 X11 会话。

What’s Next? The possibilities this opens up are very exciting. Until now, on the desktop side, we’ve had to target the lowest common denominator or be stuck trying to maintain two conflicting code paths. It was absolutely the right choice to do a gradual transition and approach things this way, but that approach has its limits. Moving forward with a single code path going through Wayland is going to allow us to bring new performance improvements, memory optimisations, and brand new exciting features throughout Plasma.

接下来是什么？这所带来的可能性令人非常兴奋。到目前为止，在桌面端，我们不得不迁就最低共同标准，或者陷入维护两条冲突代码路径的困境。采取渐进式过渡和这种处理方式绝对是正确的选择，但这种方法有其局限性。未来，通过 Wayland 的单一代码路径，我们将能够在整个 Plasma 中带来新的性能提升、内存优化以及全新的激动人心的功能。

How Ready Are We? Our internal metrics within KDE show that over 95% of users of Plasma 6.6 are on Wayland, with a gradual increase every release. The metrics also show that basically no one is testing or developing Plasma on X11 anymore. The platform was already, for all intents and purposes, abandoned by KDE contributors. We have every reason to trust this metric data, as it is exactly in-line with what Sentry (our automatic crash reporting tool) reports for newly-encountered crashes shows.

我们准备得如何？KDE 内部指标显示，超过 95% 的 Plasma 6.6 用户正在使用 Wayland，且每个版本都在逐步增加。指标还显示，基本上已经没有人再在 X11 上测试或开发 Plasma 了。实际上，该平台已被 KDE 贡献者放弃。我们完全有理由相信这些指标数据，因为它与 Sentry（我们的自动崩溃报告工具）报告的新崩溃情况完全一致。

For transparency, the one caveat in all of the above is that I’ve deliberately always focused on people using the latest Plasma release. We do still have a sizable chunk of users on X11 still using Plasma 5.27. Including them, the total Wayland adoption rate is about 76%. But back then, Wayland wasn’t the default session type, so it’s hardly a surprise those users are still on X11. Things have come a massively long way in the three years since Plasma 5.27 was released. Anyone still using Plasma 5.27 — or any release older than Plasma 6.8 — won’t be affected by what we do in Plasma 6.8, and nothing will be applied retroactively.

为了透明起见，上述内容中唯一需要说明的是，我一直刻意关注使用最新 Plasma 版本的用户。我们确实还有相当一部分用户在使用 Plasma 5.27 的 X11 会话。如果将他们计算在内，Wayland 的总采用率约为 76%。但当时 Wayland 并非默认会话类型，因此这些用户仍在使用 X11 并不令人意外。自 Plasma 5.27 发布以来的三年里，情况已经发生了巨大的变化。任何仍在使用 Plasma 5.27 或任何早于 Plasma 6.8 版本的人，都不会受到我们在 Plasma 6.8 中所做更改的影响，且没有任何更改会追溯应用。

Still Have Issues with Wayland on 6.7? Whilst we have had full confidence since Plasma 6.0 that our Wayland session provides the better overall experience, we are aware that things don’t behave exactly the same. Not everything works the same especially in specialised areas. We are not expecting a completely seamless transition for everyone. Custom scripts, tools used and even workflows might have to change. But we are aiming to offer a transition where there is still a way to accomplish all your day-to-day tasks.

在 6.7 版本使用 Wayland 仍有问题？虽然自 Plasma 6.0 以来，我们完全有信心认为 Wayland 会话提供了更好的整体体验，但我们也意识到某些行为并不完全相同。并非所有事物在 Wayland 下的运行方式都一样，尤其是在专业领域。我们并不期望每个人都能实现完全无缝的过渡。自定义脚本、所用工具甚至工作流程可能都需要改变。但我们的目标是提供一种过渡方案，确保您仍有办法完成所有的日常任务。

Plasma 6.7 is the last release that will include an X11 session, and it’s coming out in just a few days. If you still have issues that force you back to X11 we would love to hear from you. We can’t promise to get everything fixed in time for 6.8, but we can promise to listen and be aware. People’s remaining pain point are and will be on our radar, so please take this time to communicate them.

Plasma 6.7 是最后一个包含 X11 会话的版本，它将在几天后发布。如果您仍有迫使您回到 X11 的问题，我们非常希望能听到您的反馈。我们不能保证在 6.8 发布前解决所有问题，但我们承诺会倾听并关注这些问题。用户剩余的痛点现在和将来都会在我们的关注范围内，所以请利用这段时间与我们沟通。