13 Environmentally Conscious Packing Tips for Your Next Vacation
13 Environmentally Conscious Packing Tips for Your Next Vacation
下次度假的 13 个环保打包小贴士
Your trip’s environmental footprint starts forming before you ever leave the house. If you pack wisely, there’s a lot you can do to reduce the negative impact that traveling can have on the planet. Here’s a short list of ecofriendly guidelines to get you going. 你旅行的“环境足迹”在你踏出家门前就已经开始形成了。如果你能明智地打包行李，就能在很大程度上减少旅行对地球造成的负面影响。以下是一份简短的环保指南，助你开启绿色旅程。
1. Use Refillable Toiletries
1. 使用可重复填充的洗漱用品
Single-use travel-size toiletries make travel convenient, but they are among the most wasteful products on the market. Swap them out for reusable containers that you refill at home—they’re less wasteful, and far more economical anyway. Or, give solid products a try: soap, shampoo, conditioner, toothpaste, and other products are available in bar form. 一次性旅行装洗漱用品虽然方便，但它们是市场上最浪费的产品之一。改用可重复使用的容器，在家中自行填充——这样不仅更环保，而且经济得多。或者，尝试一下固体产品：肥皂、洗发水、护发素、牙膏等都有块状版本可供选择。
2. Hitting the Beach? Take Ecofriendly, Reef-Safe Sunscreen
2. 去海边？请带上环保且对珊瑚礁安全的防晒霜
Of the sunscreens available in the US, mineral sunscreens are the only reef-safe options. Chemical sunscreens rely on oxybenzone, octinoxate, avobenzone, octisalate, and other ingredients that wash off into the water and harm coral reefs—they can cause coral bleaching, DNA damage, and deformities in developing coral. Stick to mineral sunscreens. 在美国市售的防晒霜中，矿物防晒霜是唯一对珊瑚礁安全的选项。化学防晒霜依赖氧苯酮、甲氧基肉桂酸乙基己酯、阿伏苯宗、水杨酸乙基己酯等成分，这些成分会随水流冲走并伤害珊瑚礁——它们会导致珊瑚白化、DNA 损伤以及发育中珊瑚的畸形。请坚持使用矿物防晒霜。
Outside of the United States, keep an eye out for bemotrizinol. It’s approved for use in many regions of the world, but not the US—although the Food and Drug Administration is now considering it for approval. There’s less research into its effects on coral than on mineral sunscreens, but it’s widely considered safer than the chemical sunscreens standard in the US. 在美国境外，可以留意一下“贝母三嗪”（bemotrizinol）。它在世界许多地区获准使用，但在美国尚未获批——尽管美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）目前正在考虑批准它。虽然关于它对珊瑚影响的研究不如矿物防晒霜多，但它被普遍认为比美国标准的化学防晒霜更安全。
3. Ward Off Critters With Better Bug Spray
3. 用更好的驱蚊喷雾抵御虫害
If you’re heading off-grid or to high-insect places, it’s possible to stay safe without the DEET. The substance often considered the most effective insect repellant has been associated with negative impacts for human health and the environment, and can also break down plastics and damage clothing made with synthetic fibers. Natural repellants like oil of lemon eucalyptus can work for shorter durations. 如果你要去偏远地区或蚊虫较多的地方，不使用避蚊胺（DEET）也能保持安全。这种通常被认为最有效的驱蚊成分，已被证实对人类健康和环境有负面影响，还会分解塑料并损坏合成纤维制成的衣物。柠檬桉油等天然驱蚊剂在短时间内有效。
But a new entrant to the market, from a California startup called Mimikai, has been proven to be as effective as DEET. It’s natural, though—the active ingredient is called undecanone, a compound in wild tomatoes that scientists have identified as the reason that bugs leave the plant alone. 但加州初创公司 Mimikai 推出的一款新产品已被证明与避蚊胺同样有效。它是天然的——其活性成分被称为十一烷酮（undecanone），这是一种存在于野生番茄中的化合物，科学家已证实正是这种物质让昆虫对该植物敬而远之。
4. Stay Dry in PFAS-Free Rain or Snow Gear
4. 穿着不含 PFAS 的雨具或雪具保持干爽
So-called forever chemicals used to be in just about anything labeled waterproof. Things have changed drastically in the last two years, with New York and California banning per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in textiles early last year. They’re not entirely gone, though, so make sure you’re looking for products specifically labeled as PFAS-free, says Marty Mulvihill, a managing partner at Safer Made. 所谓的“永久性化学物质”过去几乎存在于所有标有防水功能的物品中。过去两年情况发生了巨大变化，纽约州和加州去年初已禁止在纺织品中使用全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）。但它们并未完全消失，因此 Safer Made 的管理合伙人 Marty Mulvihill 表示，请务必寻找明确标注“不含 PFAS”的产品。
Brands don’t need to tell you what chemicals they use in their products, but if they have gone to the trouble of removing PFAS, they will likely tell you as much on the label. You can also turn to PFAS Central, a website run by the nonprofit Green Science Policy Institute that maintains a list of PFAS-free products, among other resources. 品牌无需告知其产品中使用的化学成分，但如果他们费心去除了 PFAS，通常会在标签上注明。你也可以访问由非营利组织“绿色科学政策研究所”运营的网站 PFAS Central，该网站维护着一份不含 PFAS 的产品清单及其他资源。
5. Shop for Sustainable Fibers (That Aren’t Plastic)
5. 选购可持续纤维（非塑料材质）
Stocking up on weather-specific clothing? Whether it’s linen or cotton for hot climates or wool for cold, opt for organic fibers—bonus points for regenerative organic, since conventional farming has a heavier carbon and water footprint. Petroleum-based fibers are plastic so if you’re going for eco-friendly, best to avoid as much as possible; polyester is by far the worst offender. 准备添置应季衣物？无论是炎热气候下的亚麻或棉质，还是寒冷气候下的羊毛，请选择有机纤维——如果是有机再生纤维则更好，因为传统农业的碳足迹和水足迹更高。石油基纤维本质上是塑料，所以如果你追求环保，最好尽量避免；聚酯纤维（涤纶）是目前最糟糕的罪魁祸首。
6. Shop in Person—or at Least Be More Mindful Online
6. 线下购物——或者至少在网购时更谨慎
If you’re shopping online, don’t buy three sizes of something just to see what fits and then return the rest. A huge percentage of returned clothing doesn’t get restocked onto store shelves; it gets landfilled or sold in bulk to buyers who often export it overseas. Returns also require additional packaging and shipping, which bumps up your carbon footprint as well. 如果你在网上购物，不要为了试穿而一次买三个尺码，然后再退掉剩下的。很大一部分退货衣物不会重新上架，而是被填埋或批量卖给出口商。退货还需要额外的包装和运输，这也会增加你的碳足迹。
7. Carry a Travel Mug
7. 携带旅行杯
You’ll be surprised how much use you’ll get out of carrying a mug. You can avoid disposable cups on the plane and in hotel rooms. Bring it along for café stops when you’re out and about; disposable cups add up fast. If bag space is limited, collapsible versions can go a long way. 你会惊讶于随身携带一个杯子有多大用处。你可以在飞机上和酒店房间里避免使用一次性杯子。外出时带上它去咖啡馆；一次性杯子的浪费积少成多。如果行李空间有限，折叠式杯子会非常实用。
8. … and a Water Bottle
8. ……以及水瓶
It might be obvious, but it’s a must. You are guaranteed to need water, and water stations are now ubiquitous in many places. Skip the single-use plastic—you’ll save not only money but microplastic exposure too! Collapsible versions are available for this category too. 这可能显而易见，但却是必须的。你肯定需要喝水，而现在许多地方都有饮水站。省去一次性塑料瓶吧——你不仅能省钱，还能减少微塑料的摄入！这一类产品也有折叠版本。
9. Stick Travel Cutlery in Your Carry-On
9. 在随身行李中放入旅行餐具
You can buy a bamboo cutlery set to travel with—but if that’s a step too far, grab what you already have. “If you have a single-use cutlery packet from a delivery order sitting in a drawer, it’s a good time to bring it along for the airport food court,” says Anna Sacks, a waste expert. 你可以买一套竹制餐具随身携带——但如果觉得麻烦，就用现有的。“如果你抽屉里有外卖剩下的一次性餐具包，现在正是带上它们去机场美食广场的好时机，”废物处理专家 Anna Sacks 建议道。