FCC wants to kill burner phones by forcing telecoms to get all customers’ IDs

美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）拟强制电信运营商获取所有客户身份信息，旨在终结“一次性手机”

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) wants to make it effectively impossible for people to buy what many call burner phones—a phone not explicitly linked to your identity at the point of purchase—which would impact privacy-conscious people, to domestic abuse survivors, to journalists, and many more. 美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）正计划让人们实际上无法再购买所谓的“一次性手机”（即在购买时无需与个人身份直接挂钩的手机）。此举将对注重隐私的人士、家庭暴力幸存者、记者以及更多群体产生影响。

The FCC plans to do this by legally forcing the country’s telecoms to store a wealth of personal information about essentially all phone customers, including a government issued identification number and their physical address, alarming privacy advocates and civil rights activists who compare the measures to those from authoritarian countries where it can be difficult to buy a mobile phone plan without giving up your identity. FCC 计划通过法律手段强制国内电信运营商存储几乎所有手机客户的大量个人信息，包括政府签发的身份证件号码及其家庭住址。这一举措引起了隐私倡导者和民权活动人士的警惕，他们将这些措施与威权国家的做法相提并论——在那些国家，如果不交出个人身份信息，几乎无法购买手机套餐。

The proposed change would drastically shake up how people obtain phone plans in the U.S., and have all sorts of privacy and cybersecurity knock-on effects. The FCC is proposing the data collection partly as a way to combat scammers, with telecoms being required to collect other information on business and foreign customers like the intended use case of their bulk phone plan purchase and their IP address. 这项拟议的变更将彻底改变美国民众获取手机套餐的方式，并产生各种隐私和网络安全方面的连锁反应。FCC 提出这项数据收集计划的部分原因是打击诈骗者，要求电信运营商收集企业和外国客户的其他信息，例如其批量购买手机套餐的预期用途及其 IP 地址。

But the changes would mean telecoms collect data on all new and renewing customers, and the FCC provides a long list of other things that the collected data could help authorities with. 但这些变更意味着电信运营商将收集所有新用户和续约用户的数据，且 FCC 还列出了一长串清单，说明这些收集到的数据可以如何协助政府部门。

“For decades, civil libertarians have looked overseas at authoritarian countries where the government requires people to register to get a mobile phone to ensure they can be tracked. We never thought that would happen here,” Jay Stanley, senior policy analyst at the American Civil Liberties Union’s (ACLU) Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project told 404 Media in an email. “But make no mistake: with this rulemaking, the government is contemplating taking away people’s ability to get a burner phone, which will hurt low-income people, domestic violence victims, and anyone else who cares about their privacy.” “几十年来，公民自由主义者一直关注着海外那些要求民众必须注册才能获得手机，以确保其行踪可被追踪的威权国家。我们从未想过这种情况会发生在这里，”美国公民自由联盟（ACLU）言论、隐私与技术项目高级政策分析师杰伊·斯坦利（Jay Stanley）在给 404 Media 的电子邮件中表示。“但请不要误解：通过这项规则制定，政府正在考虑剥夺人们获取一次性手机的能力，这将伤害低收入群体、家庭暴力受害者以及任何关心自身隐私的人。”