The Download: “reprogramming” aging, and the hidden sense of interoception

查看原文 / View Original 编辑 / Edit

The Download: “reprogramming” aging, and the hidden sense of interoception

The Download：对衰老的“重编程”与隐藏的“内感官”

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. 这是今日份的《The Download》，我们平日发行的时事通讯，为您提供每日科技世界的动态速递。

Why “reprogramming” is the buzziest approach to reversing aging right now

为什么“重编程”是目前逆转衰老最热门的方法？

Earlier this week, Life Biosciences, a biotech company focused on reversing age-related diseases, announced that it had dosed its first volunteer. A person with glaucoma has had an experimental treatment injected straight into their eyeball. The idea is to treat the disease by regenerating healthy nerves in the eye—but the company already hopes to go further. If the treatment can reverse glaucoma, similar treatments could reverse other diseases of aging. Maybe, just maybe, they could reverse aging altogether. The approach relies on “reprogramming” cells to a younger state. It’s one of many strategies being explored by biotech companies looking to slow and reverse aging. But of all of them, it seems to be the one that is truly taking off. Read the full story on the pursuit of reprogramming for rejuvenation. —Jessica Hamzelou 本周早些时候，专注于逆转衰老相关疾病的生物技术公司 Life Biosciences 宣布，其首位志愿者已接受了药物注射。一位青光眼患者将一种实验性疗法直接注射到了眼球中。该疗法的构想是通过再生眼部健康神经来治疗疾病，但该公司希望走得更远。如果该疗法能逆转青光眼，类似的疗法或许也能逆转其他衰老疾病。甚至，它们或许能彻底逆转衰老。这种方法依赖于将细胞“重编程”回更年轻的状态。这是生物技术公司为减缓和逆转衰老所探索的众多策略之一，但其中，这似乎是目前真正兴起的一种。阅读关于追求“重编程”以实现返老还童的完整报道。——Jessica Hamzelou

This story is from The Checkup, our weekly newsletter giving you the inside track on all things biotech. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every Thursday. 本文摘自我们的每周通讯《The Checkup》，为您提供生物技术领域的前沿内幕。欢迎订阅，每周四准时发送至您的收件箱。

Inside Interoception: The hidden sense of how you feel inside

深入“内感官”：关于你内在感受的隐藏感知

Scientists have a word for how we sense ourselves from the inside: interoception. Today, thanks to a 2021 Nobel Prize and new tools that can map internal signaling across the body, research into interoception is taking off. As researchers decode how signals move between body and brain, a clearer picture is starting to take shape—with implications for how we understand and treat conditions from obesity to chronic pain to anxiety. Find out how it’s leading to a “new continent of awareness.” —Katherine W. Isaacs 科学家们用一个词来描述我们从内部感知自身的方式：内感官（Interoception）。如今，得益于 2021 年的诺贝尔奖以及能够绘制全身内部信号图谱的新工具，内感官研究正在蓬勃发展。随着研究人员解码信号如何在身体与大脑之间传递，一幅更清晰的图景正逐渐形成——这将影响我们对从肥胖、慢性疼痛到焦虑症等各种病症的理解与治疗。了解它如何引领我们进入一个“意识的新大陆”。——Katherine W. Isaacs

This story is part of MIT Technology Review Explains, our series untangling the complex, messy world of technology to help you understand what’s coming next. You can read more from the series here. 本文属于《麻省理工科技评论》的“深度解析”（Explains）系列，旨在梳理复杂混乱的科技世界，帮助您理解未来趋势。您可以在此处阅读该系列的更多文章。

The must-reads

必读精选

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 我已为您搜罗了互联网上今日最有趣、最重要、最令人惊恐或最引人入胜的科技新闻。

  1. SpaceX has officially delivered the largest IPO in history It’s raised a record $75 billion at a $1.77 trillion valuation. (Axios)

    • Making Elon Musk the world’s first trillionaire (on paper). (Reuters $)
    • The IPO will now put his “extreme ownership” to the test. (Wired $)
    • While China attempts to build a Starlink rival. (Rest of World)
    • And other challenges to SpaceX emerge. (MIT Technology Review) SpaceX 正式完成史上最大规模 IPO 以 1.77 万亿美元的估值筹集了创纪录的 750 亿美元。（Axios）
    • 使埃隆·马斯克成为世界上第一位万亿富翁（账面财富）。（路透社 $）
    • 这次 IPO 将考验他的“极端所有权”。（Wired $）
    • 与此同时，中国正试图打造“星链”的竞争对手。（Rest of World）
    • SpaceX 面临的其他挑战也随之浮现。（《麻省理工科技评论》）

  2. Jeff Bezos wants to build an “artificial general engineer” Through his new industrial AI startup, Prometheus. (NYT $)

    • Which just raised $12 billion, valuing it at $41 billion. (TechCrunch)
    • Meanwhile, OpenAI is building a fully automated researcher. (MIT Technology Review) 杰夫·贝索斯想要打造一位“通用人工智能工程师” 通过他新成立的工业 AI 初创公司 Prometheus。（《纽约时报》$）
    • 该公司刚刚筹集了 120 亿美元，估值达到 410 亿美元。（TechCrunch）
    • 与此同时，OpenAI 正在构建一位全自动研究员。（《麻省理工科技评论》）

  3. Chinese regulators are dramatically intensifying tech enforcement A spell of relative restraint has ended. (SCMP)

    • Regulators have admonished e-commerce giants Alibaba and JD.com. (FT $)
    • And blocked Meta’s acquisition of Chinese AI startup Manus. (BBC) 中国监管机构大幅加强对科技行业的执法力度 一段相对克制的时期已经结束。（《南华早报》）
    • 监管机构已约谈电商巨头阿里巴巴和京东。（《金融时报》$）
    • 并阻止了 Meta 对中国 AI 初创公司 Manus 的收购。（BBC）

  4. Google says Chinese cybercriminals used Gemini to scam Americans It’s suing the network over the alleged AI-powered scams. (NYT $)

    • “Supercharged scams” are one of our 10 Things That Matter in AI Right Now. (MIT Technology Review) 谷歌称中国网络犯罪分子利用 Gemini 诈骗美国人 谷歌正就这些涉嫌由 AI 驱动的诈骗行为起诉该网络。（《纽约时报》$）
    • “超级诈骗”是我们目前关注的 AI 十大要事之一。（《麻省理工科技评论》）

  5. Ukraine’s defense AI chief predicts a “new paradigm” of warfare He expects AI systems to unify into a single battlefield network. (Reuters $)

    • AI chatbots could be used for targeting decisions. (MIT Technology Review) 乌克兰国防 AI 主管预测战争将进入“新范式” 他预计 AI 系统将统一为一个单一的战场网络。（路透社 $）
    • AI 聊天机器人可能被用于目标定位决策。（《麻省理工科技评论》）

  6. Anthropic has rankled users with its safety-first Fable model Stringent safety rules and refusals to help have sparked a backlash. (NBC)

    • Anthropic has backtracked on some policies. (Wired $) Anthropic 的“安全至上” Fable 模型引发用户不满 严格的安全规则和拒绝协助引发了强烈抵制。（NBC）
    • Anthropic 已撤回了部分政策。（Wired $）

  7. Pokémon Go data trained AI that could assist military drones It could help them locate themselves in war zones. (Guardian)

    • Pokémon Go 数据也正在训练送货机器人。（《麻省理工科技评论》） 《Pokémon Go》数据被用于训练可辅助军用无人机的 AI 它可以帮助无人机在战区进行定位。（《卫报》）
    • 《Pokémon Go》数据也正在训练送货机器人。（《麻省理工科技评论》）

  8. Orbital data centers are harder than Silicon Valley thinks Shedding heat in space requires ingenious new designs. (IEEE Spectrum)

    • We need a few things to put data centers in space. (MIT Technology Review) 轨道数据中心比硅谷想象的更难实现 在太空中散热需要巧妙的新设计。（IEEE Spectrum）
    • 我们需要满足几个条件才能将数据中心送入太空。（《麻省理工科技评论》）

  9. A toy universe shows time could be a quantum illusion It could emerge from quantum interactions, rather than just existing by default. (New Scientist $) 一个“玩具宇宙”模型显示时间可能是一种量子错觉 它可能源于量子相互作用，而非默认存在。（《新科学家》$）

  10. Chatbots keep telling stories about a lighthouse keeper called Ella And now we may finally know why. (404 Media) 聊天机器人不断讲述关于一位名叫 Ella 的灯塔看守人的故事 现在我们可能终于知道原因了。（404 Media）

Quote of the day

今日金句

“People are paying a trillion dollars for Elon.” —Ross Gerber, the CEO of Gerber Kawasaki, which owns SpaceX stock, tells the New York Times why he believes the company’s IPO is overvalued. “人们是在为埃隆支付一万亿美元。” ——Gerber Kawasaki 首席执行官 Ross Gerber（该公司持有 SpaceX 股票），向《纽约时报》解释了他为何认为该公司 IPO 估值过高。

One More Thing

还有一件事

How generative AI could reinvent what it means to play 生成式 AI 如何重塑“游戏”的定义

I was immediately attracted to open-world games, in which you’re free to explore a vast simulated world and choose what challenges to accept. To make them feel alive, these games are inhabited by crowds of “nonplayer characters” (NPCs). But the illusion starts to weaken when you spend enough time with them. It may not always be like that. Just as it’s upending other industries, generative AI is opening the door to entirely new kinds of in-game interactions that are open-ended, creative, and unexpected. The game may not always have to end. Discover how generative AI could make games—and other worlds—deeply immersive. —Niall Firth 我一直被开放世界游戏所吸引，在这些游戏中，你可以自由探索广阔的模拟世界，并选择接受哪些挑战。为了让游戏显得生动，这些世界里居住着成群的“非玩家角色”（NPC）。但当你与他们相处足够久后，这种幻觉就会开始减弱。未来可能不再如此。正如它正在颠覆其他行业一样，生成式 AI 正在开启一种全新的游戏内互动方式，这种互动是开放式、创造性且出人意料的。游戏或许不必总是走向终结。探索生成式 AI 如何让游戏——以及其他世界——变得更加身临其境。——Niall Firth

We can still have nice things

生活中依然有美好事物

A place for comfort, fun, and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line.) 一个为您提供舒适、乐趣和消遣，点亮您一天的地方。（有什么好点子？写信告诉我。）

  • My feet have fallen for the Crocs x Super Mario collection. 我的双脚已经爱上了 Crocs 与超级马力欧的联名系列。
  • Denmark’s 2026 Mullet Championship is the hottest hairdo contest of the year. 丹麦 2026 年鲻鱼头锦标赛是今年最火的发型大赛。
  • Hungry at half-time? Here are seven mouth-watering international recipes inspired by the World Cup. 中场休息饿了吗？这里有七道受世界杯启发的令人垂涎的国际食谱。
  • Feast your eyes on a helicopter bound for Mars and a flowery Milky Way frame in Nature’s top images from last month. 在《自然》杂志上个月的最佳图片中，一睹飞往火星的直升机和繁花似锦的银河系框架。
← 返回新闻列表 / Back to news list