The Download: a nuclear landmark, and China eyes Nvidia chips
The Download: a nuclear landmark, and China eyes Nvidia chips
《下载》：核能里程碑，中国关注英伟达芯片
This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. 这是今日份的《下载》，我们平日更新的简报，为您提供每日科技界动态。
Four nuclear reactors hit a big milestone in the US —Casey Crownhart
美国四座核反应堆达成重要里程碑 ——Casey Crownhart
I was really looking forward to July 4, and not just because I love a poolside barbecue. This year the American holiday also marked a big symbolic deadline for US nuclear power. Last year the Trump administration set a goal to see three new microreactors achieve criticality, a technical milestone establishing that a reactor can sustain a chain reaction, by the nation’s 250th birthday. And just in time, not just three, but four reactors did so. It’s a positive sign for nuclear technologies at a time of increasing need for electricity and emissions-free energy sources. But achieving criticality doesn’t mean a reactor is ready to provide electricity for the grid (or at all, for that matter). Here’s what the milestone could mean for nuclear power in the US—and where the four companies might go next. This story is from The Spark, our weekly climate tech newsletter. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every Wednesday. 我非常期待 7 月 4 日，不仅仅是因为我喜欢池畔烧烤。今年的美国国庆日也标志着美国核能的一个重要象征性截止日期。去年，特朗普政府设定了一个目标，即在建国 250 周年之际，实现三座新型微型反应堆达到“临界状态”（这是一个技术里程碑，标志着反应堆能够维持链式反应）。赶在截止日期前，不仅是三座，而是四座反应堆达成了这一目标。在电力需求和零排放能源需求日益增长的当下，这对核技术来说是一个积极的信号。但达到临界状态并不意味着反应堆已经准备好为电网供电（甚至根本不意味着能供电）。以下是这一里程碑对美国核能的意义，以及这四家公司接下来的发展方向。本文摘自我们的每周气候科技简报《The Spark》。欢迎订阅，每周三即可在收件箱中查收。
The must-reads
必读内容
I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 我已为您搜罗了互联网上今日最有趣、最重要、最令人担忧及最引人入胜的科技新闻。
1 China plans to let its top AI firms buy Nvidia H200 chips 1 中国计划允许其顶级人工智能公司购买英伟达 H200 芯片 Alibaba, ByteDance, and DeepSeek are set to get permission. 阿里巴巴、字节跳动和深度求索（DeepSeek）有望获得许可。
2 NATO is building a network to stop Russian attackers in their tracks 2 北约正在建立一个网络以阻止俄罗斯攻击者 It will use sensors, drones, satellites, and AI to detect them. 该网络将利用传感器、无人机、卫星和人工智能来探测攻击者。
3 Researchers have a new idea to fight future El Niños: dimming the sun 3 研究人员提出应对未来厄尔尼诺现象的新构想：遮蔽阳光 Deflecting solar energy could cool the ocean and mitigate the risks. 偏转太阳能可以冷却海洋并降低风险。
4 Meta is patenting an AI device that records users to analyse emotions 4 Meta 正在申请一项人工智能设备专利，通过记录用户来分析情绪 It ostensibly aims to tailor workout plans to the user’s mood. 其表面目的是根据用户的心情定制锻炼计划。
5 Chipmakers are going vertical as Moore’s Law slows 5 随着摩尔定律放缓，芯片制造商转向垂直堆叠 They’re stacking transistors to keep chips advancing. 他们正在堆叠晶体管以保持芯片性能的进步。
6 Ivy League students suspected of AI cheating saw scores fall in person 6 被怀疑使用 AI 作弊的常春藤盟校学生在现场考试中成绩下滑 From 96% all the way down to 48%. 从 96% 一路跌至 48%。
7 A new study says parents’ phone addictions damage bonds with kids 7 一项新研究称父母的手机成瘾会损害亲子关系 It can exacerbate “insecure attachment” for life. 这可能会加剧终身的“不安全依恋”。
8 A judge approved Musk’s $1.5 million Twitter settlement with the SEC 8 法官批准了马斯克与美国证券交易委员会（SEC）达成的 150 万美元和解协议 Despite what she called “serious misgivings” and “red flags.” 尽管法官称其存在“严重疑虑”和“危险信号”。
9 Shoebox-sized “detector satellites” could find nuclear bombs in space 9 鞋盒大小的“探测卫星”可以在太空中发现核弹 Cubesats carrying the detector could sense a bomb’s radiation. 携带探测器的立方星可以感知核弹的辐射。
10 A World Cup match drove Google Search traffic to a new record 10 一场世界杯比赛将谷歌搜索流量推向新纪录 The milestone came after Argentina’s comeback against Egypt. 这一里程碑出现在阿根廷队逆转埃及队之后。
Quote of the day
今日金句
“I talk about it on Tic Tac.” —President Donald Trump tells the public where to find his insights on the dangers of communism, Gizmodo reports. “我在 Tic Tac 上谈论它。”——据 Gizmodo 报道，唐纳德·特朗普总统告诉公众在哪里可以找到他对共产主义危险性的见解。
One More Thing: Robots are bringing new life to extinct species
额外关注：机器人让灭绝物种重获新生
Paleontologists aren’t easily deterred by evolutionary dead ends or a sparse fossil record. And in the last few years, they’ve developed a new trick for turning back time and studying prehistoric animals: building experimental robotic models of them. In the absence of a living specimen, an ambling, flying, swimming, or slithering automaton is the next best thing for studying the behavior of extinct organisms. Learning more about how they moved can in turn shed light on their lives, such as their historic ranges and feeding habits. Scientists can simply sit back and observe their behavior in different environments. 古生物学家不会轻易被进化的死胡同或稀疏的化石记录所阻挡。在过去几年里，他们开发了一种回溯时间并研究史前动物的新技巧：建造它们的实验性机器人模型。在没有活体标本的情况下，行走、飞行、游泳或滑行的自动装置是研究灭绝生物行为的次优选择。了解它们如何移动，反过来可以揭示它们的生活方式，例如它们的历史分布范围和摄食习惯。科学家们只需坐下来，观察它们在不同环境下的行为即可。