What Watching a Soccer Final Does to Your Body, According to Science
What Watching a Soccer Final Does to Your Body, According to Science
科学揭秘：观看足球决赛对你的身体有何影响
Ready for the 2026 World Cup final? You might think you are, but your body is going to have to be prepared to put in some work—especially if your favorite team makes it. 准备好迎接 2026 年世界杯决赛了吗？你可能觉得自己准备好了，但你的身体却不得不为此“加班”——尤其是当你支持的球队进入决赛时。
Research shows that watching high-pressure matches can raise your heart rate, increase your stress levels, and put extra strain on your cardiovascular system. 研究表明，观看高压比赛会提高心率、增加压力水平，并给心血管系统带来额外负担。
According to a recent study from researchers at Bielefeld University in Germany, fans’ physiological stress increases by about 41 percent during a soccer final compared to a normal day. Heart rate also rose significantly, jumping from 70.9 beats per minute to 78.7 beats per minute—a difference even when compared to other weekends. 根据德国比勒费尔德大学研究人员最近的一项研究，与平时相比，球迷在足球决赛期间的生理压力增加了约 41%。心率也显著上升，从每分钟 70.9 次跃升至每分钟 78.7 次——即使与平时的周末相比，这种差异也十分明显。
Researchers at Bielefeld tracked 229 fans of the German club Arminia Bielefeld for three months. Participants wore smartwatches that continuously recorded heart rate and an estimated stress index based on heart rate variability, allowing researchers to compare the day of the 2025 German Cup final with the days leading up to the match. 比勒费尔德的研究人员对德国比勒费尔德足球俱乐部的 229 名球迷进行了为期三个月的跟踪调查。参与者佩戴智能手表，持续记录心率以及基于心率变异性估算的压力指数，这使得研究人员能够将 2025 年德国杯决赛当天与赛前几天的数据进行对比。
The physiological reaction to the soccer final began long before the match began. The researchers saw fans’ stress levels begin to rise in the morning and peak just before kickoff. Even after the final whistle, viewers showed signs of elevated stress. 对足球决赛的生理反应在比赛开始前很久就已经开始了。研究人员观察到，球迷的压力水平从当天早上就开始上升，并在开球前达到顶峰。即使在终场哨响后，观众仍表现出压力升高的迹象。
Where you watch the game also makes a difference. The study found that fans who watched at the stadium had an average heart rate of 94.2 beats per minute compared to 79.4 among those who watched the match on television. After their team’s first goal, those in the stands saw their heart rate climb to an average of up to 108 beats per minute—a much more intense response than that observed in other contexts. 观看比赛的地点也会产生影响。研究发现，在体育场观看比赛的球迷平均心率为每分钟 94.2 次，而通过电视观看比赛的球迷平均心率为每分钟 79.4 次。在球队打进第一球后，看台上的球迷心率平均攀升至每分钟 108 次——这种反应比在其他环境下观看比赛要强烈得多。
Alcohol consumption appeared to amplify that effect. Participants who reported drinking during the game had a heart rate approximately 5 percent higher than the rest of the fans during the match and nearly 12 percent higher after their team’s first goal. Although the researchers did not assess medical risks, they note that alcohol can increase cardiovascular strain when people are in an emotional state. 饮酒似乎加剧了这种影响。据报告在比赛期间饮酒的参与者，其心率比其他球迷高出约 5%，而在球队打进第一球后，这一差距扩大到近 12%。尽管研究人员没有评估医疗风险，但他们指出，当人们处于情绪激动状态时，酒精会增加心血管系统的负担。
During the first few minutes of the match, when the outcome was still uncertain, heart rates reached their highest levels. Once the game seemed to be decided, fans’ heart rates dropped. 在比赛开始的最初几分钟，当胜负尚不明朗时，心率达到了最高水平。一旦比赛胜负似乎已定，球迷的心率就会下降。
However, two goals scored in the final minutes caused them to spike again, even though the chances of a comeback were practically nil. (You can only imagine how fast Argentina fans’ hearts were thumping during this week’s furious comeback against Egypt.) For the authors, this reflects that the body responds not only to the objective chances of winning but also to emotions such as hope, pride, or attachment to the team. 然而，最后几分钟打进的两粒进球导致心率再次飙升，尽管当时翻盘的机会几乎为零。（你可以想象一下，本周阿根廷队在对阵埃及队的比赛中上演疯狂逆转时，阿根廷球迷的心跳有多快。）在作者看来，这反映出身体不仅会对客观的获胜几率做出反应，还会对希望、自豪感或对球队的依恋等情绪做出反应。
The findings align with the results of previous studies on the physiological impacts of soccer. That includes a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine after the 2006 World Cup in Germany, which found that the risk of suffering an acute cardiovascular event nearly triples during German national team matches among people with preexisting heart conditions. 这些发现与之前关于足球生理影响的研究结果一致。其中包括 2006 年德国世界杯后发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上的一项研究，该研究发现，对于患有心脏病的人来说，在德国国家队比赛期间，发生急性心血管事件的风险几乎增加了两倍。
Subsequent research shows that matches can lead to an increase in stress hormones such as cortisol and found that fans who identify more strongly with their team exhibit more intense biological responses during decisive matches. 随后的研究表明，比赛会导致皮质醇等压力荷尔蒙水平升高，并发现那些对球队认同感更强的球迷在关键比赛中表现出更强烈的生理反应。
This article originally appeared on WIRED en Español and has been translated from Spanish. 本文最初发表于《连线》西班牙语版，由西班牙语翻译而来。