Here’s How Apple Is Updating Its Child Safety Features in iOS 27
Here’s How Apple Is Updating Its Child Safety Features in iOS 27
苹果将如何更新 iOS 27 中的儿童安全功能
In June, at its Worldwide Developers Conference, Apple spent an unusual chunk of time during its keynote talking up new Child Safety features coming to its devices later this fall. 今年 6 月，在苹果全球开发者大会（WWDC）的主题演讲中，苹果罕见地花费了大量时间，重点介绍了即将在今年秋季登陆其设备的新型儿童安全功能。
The addition of these features came as a surprise to Sarah Gardner, who just so happened to be tied to a tree outside Apple Park in Cupertino, California, at the same time. 这些功能的增加让莎拉·加德纳（Sarah Gardner）感到意外，而当时她恰好被绑在加利福尼亚州库比蒂诺苹果园区外的一棵树上。
It was the fifth time Gardner—founder and CEO of Heat Initiative, a nonprofit that advocates for child safety in Big Tech—had shown up at Apple Park to protest and draw attention to what she says is the lack of child protection guardrails in Apple products. 这是加德纳第五次来到苹果园区进行抗议。作为非营利组织“热点倡议”（Heat Initiative）的创始人兼首席执行官，她一直致力于倡导大型科技公司关注儿童安全，并呼吁人们关注她所认为的苹果产品中缺乏儿童保护屏障的问题。
This time, something different happened. Apple answered. 这一次，情况有所不同。苹果做出了回应。
“Overall, it was a huge win that they spent 10 minutes of the keynote addressing child safety, because that never would have happened a few years ago,” Gardner tells WIRED. “Apple, as a company, tried to ignore for a long time that they were part of a child’s online experience at all. Echoes of ‘we’re just hardware’ come to mind when I think of Apple’s approach to child safety.” “总的来说，他们在主题演讲中花了 10 分钟讨论儿童安全是一个巨大的胜利，因为这在几年前是绝不可能发生的，”加德纳告诉《连线》（WIRED）杂志。“长期以来，苹果公司一直试图忽视他们是儿童在线体验的一部分这一事实。每当我想到苹果对待儿童安全的方式时，脑海中就会浮现出‘我们只是做硬件的’这种推诿之词。”
Gardner, who has spent 15 years in online trust and safety spaces, says she worked alongside companies for 10 years before starting the Heat Initiative, and Apple “was consistently absent” from child safety conversations. While Gardner doesn’t think the features Apple announced in iOS 27 and its other hardware platforms are groundbreaking in improving a kid’s safety experience using Apple products, they’re a positive step. 加德纳在网络信任与安全领域深耕了 15 年。她说，在创办“热点倡议”之前，她曾与多家公司合作过 10 年，而苹果在儿童安全议题的讨论中“一直缺席”。虽然加德纳认为苹果在 iOS 27 及其其他硬件平台上宣布的功能在改善儿童使用苹果产品的安全体验方面并非开创性，但它们确实是积极的一步。
The advocacy of Gardner and others, along with the lawsuits Apple is facing over child safety issues, have amplified the issue, she says. “It’s all pressuring them to be forced to admit that they need to address child safety as a whole.” Apple is currently facing a lawsuit from West Virginia, which alleges that the company’s business practices safeguard child sexual abuse materials, also known as CSAM. 她说，加德纳和其他人的倡导，加上苹果因儿童安全问题而面临的诉讼，放大了这一议题。“这一切都在迫使他们承认，他们需要全面解决儿童安全问题。”苹果目前正面临西弗吉尼亚州的一起诉讼，该诉讼指控苹果的商业行为保护了儿童性虐待材料（即 CSAM）。
The CSAM issue goes back a few years when Apple announced a photo-scanning tool to detect such material hosted on its iCloud servers without intruding on user privacy. But after widespread criticism from privacy and security experts for the technology’s surveillance capabilities, Apple killed it. At the time, Apple told Heat Initiative that it “concluded it was not practically possible to implement without ultimately imperiling the security and privacy of our users.” CSAM 问题可以追溯到几年前，当时苹果宣布推出一种照片扫描工具，旨在检测其 iCloud 服务器上托管的此类材料，且不侵犯用户隐私。但在隐私和安全专家对该技术的监控能力提出广泛批评后，苹果取消了该计划。当时，苹果告诉“热点倡议”组织，他们“得出结论，如果不最终危及用户的安全和隐私，在实践中是不可能实现的。”
Gardner still wants Apple to implement this tool, claiming it balances child safety and privacy. But part of her protest outside Apple Park this June also brought attention to “nudify” apps hosted on the App Store; the Tech Transparency Project found 47 such apps in January. These apps use AI to remove clothing from real photos, making subjects appear nude. WIRED reported in 2024 that single-sign-on systems from several Big Tech companies, including Apple, are enabling people to sign up easily for deepfake websites, and in response, Apple removed developer accounts connected to those websites. 加德纳仍然希望苹果能实施这一工具，声称它能平衡儿童安全与隐私。但她今年 6 月在苹果园区外的抗议活动，也引起了人们对 App Store 中“一键脱衣”（nudify）应用的关注；“技术透明项目”（Tech Transparency Project）在 1 月份发现了 47 款此类应用。这些应用利用人工智能去除真实照片中的衣物，使拍摄对象看起来处于裸露状态。《连线》在 2024 年报道称，包括苹果在内的几家大型科技公司的单点登录系统，使得人们可以轻松注册深度伪造（deepfake）网站。作为回应，苹果删除了与这些网站相关的开发者账户。
Gardner also asked why Apple never removed Grok, which still hosted sexualized deepfakes of celebrities as recently as June, from its App Store. 加德纳还质问，为什么苹果从未将其 App Store 中的 Grok 应用下架，该应用直到 6 月份仍托管着名人的色情深度伪造内容。
“When someone points out that these apps are deepfaking teenagers or creating child sexual abuse materials, they sort of quietly remove them from the App Store without making any announcement about it, so their inconsistency in terms of the App Store is really pronounced,” Gardner says. “当有人指出这些应用在深度伪造青少年或制作儿童性虐待材料时，他们会悄悄地将其从 App Store 中删除，而不做任何公告。因此，他们在 App Store 管理方面的不一致性非常明显，”加德纳说。
Apple says nudification apps are against its guidelines, and it has proactively rejected many and removed others, including those which people have flagged through the App Store’s reporting tools. The company did not address why Grok is still available on the platform. 苹果表示，“一键脱衣”类应用违反了其准则，公司已主动拒绝了许多此类应用，并删除了其他应用，包括那些用户通过 App Store 举报工具标记的应用。该公司并未说明为何 Grok 仍然可以在该平台上使用。
As for whether Apple is still looking into deploying CSAM detection tech, Apple pointed to its Communication Safety feature, which blocks images and videos containing nudity, violent content, or gore in various apps. (It’s turned on automatically for users under 18.) The company will also make a new function available for reporting these types of content. Users in Australia, Brazil, the US, and the UK will get it first, with expanded availability coming to other regions over time. 至于苹果是否仍在研究部署 CSAM 检测技术，苹果提到了其“通信安全”（Communication Safety）功能，该功能可以拦截各种应用中包含裸露、暴力或血腥内容的图片和视频。（该功能对 18 岁以下用户自动开启。）公司还将推出一项新功能，用于举报此类内容。澳大利亚、巴西、美国和英国的用户将率先使用该功能，未来将逐步推广到其他地区。
“We have a long-standing commitment to building a safe and trusted platform for kids, and provide many industry-leading tools that help keep them safe while also safeguarding their privacy,” Apple says. 苹果表示：“我们长期致力于为儿童打造一个安全、可信的平台，并提供许多行业领先的工具，在保护儿童安全的同时，也保护他们的隐私。”
Anunay Kulshrestha, an applied cryptographer and information security consultant at Infosec Clinic, says Apple’s CSAM implementation had no accountability guarantees. He doesn’t think Apple implementing it today would be any better than if the company had charged ahead three years ago. “A government can pressure Apple into adding something to the set that isn’t CSAM, and Apple is known to defer to governments,” Kulshrestha says. Infosec Clinic 的应用密码学家兼信息安全顾问阿努奈·库尔什雷斯塔（Anunay Kulshrestha）表示，苹果的 CSAM 实施方案没有任何问责保证。他认为，苹果今天实施该方案并不会比三年前强。“政府可以向苹果施压，要求其在系统中添加非 CSAM 的内容，而苹果向来以顺从政府而闻名，”库尔什雷斯塔说。
What Apple Is Changing
苹果正在做出的改变
So what can you expect later this year in iOS 27, iPadOS 27, and macOS 27? Let’s break down some of the new improvements and capabilities. 那么，今年晚些时候在 iOS 27、iPadOS 27 和 macOS 27 中，你可以期待什么呢？让我们来详细了解一下其中的一些新改进和功能。
Updates to Child Accounts
儿童账户更新
The onboarding process for creating a child account has been revamped, with Apple saying it should take around six minutes to set up. It’s required for children under 13 and available for kids up to 18. This process includes limiting adult websites, setting age-appropriate media, and implementing age-based restrictions in the App Store. 创建儿童账户的引导流程已进行了全面改进，苹果称设置过程大约需要六分钟。该流程适用于 13 岁以下的儿童，也可供 18 岁以下的青少年使用。此过程包括限制成人网站、设置适合年龄的媒体内容，以及在 App Store 中实施基于年龄的限制。
Parents can also choose what apps kids can access on the device—there’s an option to start with a few essential apps, a curated set, or to manually choose apps. (You can add more apps over time.) 家长还可以选择孩子在设备上可以访问哪些应用——可以选择从几个基本应用开始，使用精选集，或者手动选择应用。（你可以随着时间的推移添加更多应用。）
Ask to Browse
浏览请求（Ask to Browse）
Ask to Browse is a new experience in Safari; if it’s enabled, kids must ask parents for permission to visit a new website in the browser. It works similarly to the Ask to Buy function in the App Store (where kids must ask permission to purchase or install new apps). When they ask permission, a message is sent to the parent’s device via Messages. “浏览请求”是 Safari 中的一项新体验；如果启用该功能，孩子在浏览器中访问新网站时必须征得家长的许可。它的工作原理类似于 App Store 中的“购买前询问”功能（孩子必须征得许可才能购买或安装新应用）。当他们请求许可时，一条消息会通过“信息”发送到家长的设备上。