New York Governor Signs First Statewide Data Center Moratorium
New York Governor Signs First Statewide Data Center Moratorium
纽约州州长签署全美首个州级数据中心暂停令
New York governor Kathy Hochul signed an executive order Tuesday enacting a one-year pause on the development of hyperscale data centers, effecting the nation’s first statewide data center moratorium. The executive order comes as opposition to data center construction sweeps across the country, putting elected officials under intense pressure to take action.
纽约州州长凯西·霍楚尔（Kathy Hochul）周二签署了一项行政命令，对超大规模数据中心的开发实施为期一年的暂停，这是全美首个州级数据中心暂停令。随着全美范围内对数据中心建设的反对声浪高涨，民选官员正面临采取行动的巨大压力。
The order specifically pauses state environmental reviews for facilities over 50 megawatts for a year. It instructs the state’s Department of Public Service to assess the environmental and energy impact of data centers during this time, and to develop a new generic environmental impact statement, a general permitting process for complex environmental issues that may arise with data centers that want to build in the state. Hochul is also proposing an end to all tax incentives for data centers.
该命令明确规定，暂停对功率超过 50 兆瓦的设施进行为期一年的州级环境审查。命令指示州公共服务部在此期间评估数据中心对环境和能源的影响，并制定一份新的通用环境影响声明，为未来有意在州内建设的数据中心可能引发的复杂环境问题建立一套通用的许可流程。霍楚尔还提议取消所有针对数据中心的税收优惠政策。
“We have no choice but to address the challenges created by these massive facilities,” Hochul said at a press conference in New York City on Tuesday. The pause, she said, would give New York the chance to create the “strongest possible framework to protect our communities.”
“我们别无选择，必须应对这些大型设施所带来的挑战，”霍楚尔周二在纽约市的新闻发布会上表示。她说，此次暂停将使纽约州有机会建立“尽可能强有力的框架来保护我们的社区”。
Hochul has been facing mounting pressure to act on data centers for months. In early June, the New York legislature passed the Responsible Data Center Development Act. The omnibus bill, which would put into effect several different reforms around data center development and had bipartisan support, has been sitting on Hochul’s desk since passage, as lawmakers and environmental, faith, and labor groups in the state have pressured the governor to sign. (A representative from Hochul’s office tells WIRED that the governor is still reviewing the bill.)
几个月来，霍楚尔在数据中心问题上一直面临着越来越大的行动压力。今年 6 月初，纽约州议会通过了《负责任数据中心开发法案》。这项综合法案旨在对数据中心开发实施多项改革，并获得了两党的支持。自法案通过以来，它一直放在霍楚尔的办公桌上，州议员以及环保、宗教和劳工团体一直在向州长施压，要求其签署。（霍楚尔办公室的一位代表告诉《连线》杂志，州长仍在审查该法案。）
The executive order signed today is less aggressive than the legislation passed in May: The moratorium extends to data centers only over 50 megawatts, versus the 20-megawatt limit in the bill on the governor’s desk. But advocates for the Data Center Development Act applauded Hochul’s move.
今天签署的行政命令比 5 月通过的法案力度稍弱：此次暂停令仅适用于超过 50 兆瓦的数据中心，而州长办公桌上的法案设定的限制为 20 兆瓦。但《负责任数据中心开发法案》的支持者们对霍楚尔的举措表示赞赏。
“Technology should make our lives better, not pollute our water, strain our energy grid, or drive up our utility bills,” said Democratic state senator Kristin Gonzalez, the sponsor of the bill, in a statement. “By giving our state the time to plan, we can ensure that development and innovation do not come at the expense of all of us.”
“科技应该让我们的生活变得更好，而不是污染我们的水源、给能源电网造成压力或推高我们的水电费，”该法案的发起人、民主党州参议员克里斯汀·冈萨雷斯（Kristin Gonzalez）在一份声明中表示。“通过给我们的州留出规划时间，我们可以确保发展和创新不会以牺牲我们所有人的利益为代价。”
Alex Beauchamp, the northeast regional director of Food and Water Watch, an environmental group that helped craft the original New York moratorium bill, says that it’s clear that the legislation passed in May was influential in pushing the governor to sign the executive order. (At the press conference on Tuesday, Hochul personally thanked the sponsors of the Act, including Gonzalez.) “Any real moratorium is just a gigantic step forward,” he says.
参与起草纽约州最初暂停令法案的环保组织“食品与水观察”（Food and Water Watch）东北地区主任亚历克斯·博尚（Alex Beauchamp）表示，很明显，5 月通过的立法在推动州长签署行政命令方面发挥了重要作用。（在周二的新闻发布会上，霍楚尔亲自感谢了包括冈萨雷斯在内的法案发起人。）他说：“任何实质性的暂停都是向前迈出的巨大一步。”
In her State of the State address earlier this year, Hochul said she would ask data centers being built in New York to “pay their fair share” for power. It’s not the first time that the governor has pushed through limits on Big Tech in the state. In 2022, she signed a one-year moratorium on cryptocurrency mining, despite intense lobbying from the industry遭受了该行业激烈的游说。
在今年早些时候的州情咨文中，霍楚尔表示，她将要求在纽约州建设的数据中心为电力消耗“支付其应有的份额”。这并非州长首次在州内对大型科技公司实施限制。2022 年，尽管遭到了该行业的激烈游说，她还是签署了一项为期一年的加密货币挖矿暂停令。
At least 13 other states, including Georgia, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Maryland, Vermont, and South Dakota, introduced data center moratoriums in their state legislatures this year, with both Democratic and Republican sponsors of the bills. In April, Maine became the first state to pass a data center moratorium out of the legislature. Governor Janet Mills vetoed it, defending a particular data center project, built on the site of a former paper mill, that would, she said, “bring jobs and investment back.” The project was put on hold indefinitely in June.
包括佐治亚州、俄克拉荷马州、南卡罗来纳州、马里兰州、佛蒙特州和南达科他州在内的至少 13 个州，今年都在其州议会中提出了数据中心暂停令，且法案的发起人涵盖民主党和共和党。4 月，缅因州成为第一个在议会通过数据中心暂停令的州。州长珍妮特·米尔斯（Janet Mills）否决了该法案，并为在该州一个前造纸厂旧址上建设的特定数据中心项目辩护，称该项目将“带回就业和投资”。该项目已于 6 月被无限期搁置。
Data center opposition has skyrocketed through the first half of the year in the US. A report released earlier this month by the Coalition for Responsible Data Center Development, a group of researchers compiling information on data center resistance, found that membership in anti-data center Facebook groups has grown sevenfold between December 2025 and June 2026. At least 30 states across the country have counties or cities that have enacted local moratoriums or pauses, according to Data Center Moratoriums, a website that tracks data center legislation.
今年上半年，美国国内对数据中心的反对声浪急剧高涨。负责任数据中心开发联盟（Coalition for Responsible Data Center Development）本月早些时候发布的一份报告显示，2025 年 12 月至 2026 年 6 月期间，反数据中心 Facebook 群组的成员人数增长了七倍。据追踪数据中心立法的网站“数据中心暂停令”（Data Center Moratoriums）显示，全美至少有 30 个州的县或市已经实施了地方性的暂停令或限制措施。
Much of the national opposition to data centers has been bipartisan. In March, Senator Bernie Sanders proposed the first national moratorium on data centers. In May, Nancy Mace, the South Carolina Republican congresswoman who is running for governor, said she would support a moratorium in that state. In Florida, Governor Ron deSantis, who has been a vocal critic of both AI and data centers, signed a bill in April that implements strong consumer protections against hyperscaler data centers.
全国范围内对数据中心的反对大多是跨党派的。3 月，参议员伯尼·桑德斯（Bernie Sanders）提出了首个全国性数据中心暂停令。5 月，正在竞选州长的南卡罗来纳州共和党女众议员南希·梅斯（Nancy Mace）表示，她将支持在该州实施暂停令。在佛罗里达州，一直公开批评人工智能和数据中心的州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯（Ron deSantis）于 4 月签署了一项法案，针对超大规模数据中心实施了强有力的消费者保护措施。
“This isn’t an issue that you can wait out—the movement is just getting stronger every day,” says Beauchamp. “The politics on this are moving faster than anything I’ve ever worked on.”
“这不是一个你可以通过等待来解决的问题——这场运动每天都在变得更加强大，”博尚说。“在这个问题上的政治博弈比我参与过的任何事情进展都要快。”