A Beginner’s Guide to Growing Mushrooms at Home (2026)
A Beginner’s Guide to Growing Mushrooms at Home (2026)
2026年家庭蘑菇种植入门指南
Mushroom hunting is cool and fun, but you know what’s not cool and fun? Having slugs or other mushroom hunters discover your secret spot. Or, worst of all, accidentally collecting the wrong kind of mushroom that could make you quite sick—or worse. 采蘑菇既酷又有趣，但你知道什么是不酷且不好玩的吗？那就是被蛞蝓或其他采蘑菇的人发现了你的秘密基地。或者，最糟糕的情况是，不小心采到了错误的蘑菇，导致自己生病，甚至更严重。
Ideally, you’d be able to grow your favorite kind of mushrooms safely in your own home or yard, whether that’s shiitakes, morels, or lion’s manes, just like you would vegetables. But like many gardening-adjacent pursuits, it’s not that simple. Mushrooms, like all fungi, need just three things to grow: spores, a food source, and a humid environment. 理想情况下，你应该能像种蔬菜一样，在家里或院子里安全地种植你最喜欢的蘑菇，无论是香菇、羊肚菌还是猴头菇。但和许多园艺相关的活动一样，这并不简单。蘑菇和所有真菌一样，生长只需要三样东西：孢子、食物来源和潮湿的环境。
However, because mushrooms are incredibly sensitive to light, heat, and contamination, it doesn’t take much to create a prohibitive growing environment. And then there’s the question of whether it’s possible to simulate the critical symbiotic relationships that many mushrooms, especially more coveted ones like porcinis and chanterelles, must maintain with tree roots to thrive. 然而，由于蘑菇对光照、温度和污染极其敏感，很容易就会创造出不适合生长的环境。此外，还有一个问题：是否能够模拟许多蘑菇（尤其是牛肝菌和鸡油菌等珍稀品种）为了茁壮成长而必须与树根维持的关键共生关系。
I am far from a mycology expert, but during the past year, I, a busy full-time-working parent, have engaged in five different attempts to grow mushrooms in my house and backyard: shiitakes on an inoculated log, oysters on a cardboard-enclosed fruiting block, wine caps in spawn buried in bark chips in my garden, oysters from grain spawn in a bucket, and oysters and lion’s manes in a monotub setup. 我远非真菌学专家，但在过去的一年里，作为一名忙碌的全职工作家长，我尝试了五种不同的蘑菇种植方法：在接种木头上种香菇、在纸板包裹的菌块上种平菇、在花园树皮屑中埋入菌种种植大球盖菇、在桶里用谷物菌种种平菇，以及在单箱（monotub）装置中种植平菇和猴头菇。
I laughed, I cried, I made an epic mess of chopped straw in my bathroom, and only two of the five methods succeeded. If you, too, are mushroom-curious and looking to grow your own, here’s what I did—and, in some cases, wish I had done differently. 我笑过、哭过，还在浴室里把切碎的稻草弄得一团糟，最终五种方法里只有两种成功了。如果你也对蘑菇充满好奇并想尝试自己种植，以下是我的经历——以及在某些情况下，我希望自己能做得更好的地方。
Method 1: Mushroom Log / 方法一：蘑菇木头
Difficulty: 3/10 (Soak periodically and maintain humidity) 难度： 3/10（需定期浸泡并保持湿度） Aesthetics: 9/10 (It’s a log, but you must admit it’s a nice-looking log) 美观度： 9/10（虽然它只是一截木头，但你不得不承认它看起来很不错） Success: 0/10 (So far, at least) 成功率： 0/10（至少目前为止是这样）
There’s nothing more natural, simple, and affordable than a mushroom log. Many mushroom logs available for purchase are meant exclusively for outdoor use, as they’re just plain old logs with sealed holes full of colonized mushroom spawn. But this 12-inch-tall option from Williams Sonoma is meant for indoor display (though you can also place it outside if you’d prefer), with smooth waxed ends and a rustic metal tag printed with its creation date. 没有什么比蘑菇木头更自然、简单且实惠的了。市面上许多蘑菇木头仅供户外使用，它们就是普通的木头，上面钻了孔并填满了已定植的菌种。但这款来自 Williams Sonoma 的 12 英寸高木头专为室内展示设计（当然你也可以放在室外），两端经过平滑的打蜡处理，并挂着一个印有生产日期的复古金属标签。
Soak it for 24 hours and—theoretically—you’ll have mushrooms pinning in about 30 days. Even though oyster mushrooms are the easiest variety to grow, for reasons known only to me at the time, I chose a shiitake log, which came with a piece of paper identifying it as a “younger log.” This means the spawn was still in the process of colonizing and should fruit seven to nine months from the date stamped on its tag, which was December 2025. 浸泡 24 小时后，理论上你会在 30 天左右看到蘑菇出芽。尽管平菇是最容易种植的品种，但出于当时只有我自己知道的原因，我选择了香菇木头。随附的纸条上写着它是“较年轻的木头”，这意味着菌丝仍在定植过程中，应该在标签上印制的日期（2025 年 12 月）之后的七到九个月内结果。
I soaked the log in mid-May and again in early July, but I’m still waiting to see any pins. Williams Sonoma says the log is guaranteed to fruit, so it continues to sit on my dining room table, in a saucer full of water, tented with a plastic produce bag. Some green mold has started to appear on the top, but I remain optimistic, even though this is not my first shiitake mushroom log failure (I tried to grow one from a different brand some years ago, outside under a bush). 我在 5 月中旬和 7 月初浸泡了木头，但至今仍在等待出芽。Williams Sonoma 声称该木头保证会结果，所以我让它继续放在餐桌上，放在装满水的碟子里，并用塑料袋罩住。顶部已经开始出现一些绿色霉菌，但我依然保持乐观，尽管这已经不是我第一次在香菇木头上失败了（几年前我曾尝试在室外的灌木丛下种植另一个品牌的木头）。
Method 2: Spray-and-Grow Box / 方法二：喷雾生长盒
Difficulty: 4/10 (Requires daily spraying) 难度： 4/10（需要每天喷水） Aesthetics: 7/10 (Looks quite nice on a table or windowsill) 美观度： 7/10（放在桌子或窗台上看起来很不错） Success: 9/10 (Some mushrooms, but not a ton) 成功率： 9/10（长出了一些蘑菇，但产量不算巨大）
If you’re brand-new to mushroom growing, don’t need large quantities, are happy to skip unusual varieties, and just want near-guaranteed success without fussing over grain spawn and humidistats, an oyster mushroom boxed kit is a good place to start. Oyster mushrooms are hardy; fast-growing; and easy to incorporate into cooking, with a mild flavor not unlike the white button mushrooms you see in the grocery store. 如果你是蘑菇种植的新手，不需要大量产量，乐于跳过稀有品种，只想在不折腾谷物菌种和湿度控制器的情况下获得近乎保证的成功，那么平菇种植盒是一个很好的起点。平菇生命力强、生长迅速，且易于烹饪，味道温和，与你在杂货店看到的白蘑菇相差无几。
Two brands of boxed kits I’ve tried and liked are Back to the Roots and North Spore. The former comes with a dehydrated fruiting block. When you’re ready to use it, soak it for six to 10 hours, set it upright in a location with indirect light, and mist it regularly to keep up the humidity. After taking these steps, you should have a bumper crop of mushrooms within days. 我尝试过并喜欢的两个种植盒品牌是 Back to the Roots 和 North Spore。前者配有一个脱水的菌块。当你准备使用时，将其浸泡 6 到 10 小时，直立放置在有间接光照的地方，并定期喷雾以保持湿度。完成这些步骤后，几天内你就能收获一大批蘑菇。
North Spore’s blocks ($30) are shipped fresh, so they don’t need to be rehydrated and will produce flushes (the name for each mushroom “crop”) over and over again, but because the fresh block is more moist, it can attract fungus gnats. When I had this problem, North Spore recommended I add a few drops of dish soap, a tablespoon of vinegar, and a tablespoon of baking soda per cup of water, and spray the mixture on the block before the mushrooms fruit. Unfortunately, my fungus-gnat problem cropped up after the mushrooms had fruited, so it was messy and challenging to spray the block underneath. North Spore 的菌块（30 美元）是新鲜发货的，因此不需要重新补水，并且会反复产出（每一茬蘑菇被称为“flush”）。但由于新鲜菌块湿度较高，可能会吸引蕈蚊。当我遇到这个问题时，North Spore 建议我每杯水加入几滴洗洁精、一汤匙醋和一汤匙小苏打，并在蘑菇结果前喷洒在菌块上。不幸的是，我的蕈蚊问题是在蘑菇结果后才出现的，所以要在蘑菇下方喷洒混合液既麻烦又困难。