The Download: NASA’s new space telescope and OpenAI’s autonomous hacker

每日下载：NASA 的新型太空望远镜与 OpenAI 的自主黑客

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. 这是今日份的《每日下载》，我们平日更新的通讯，为您提供每日科技世界的动态。

Shape-shifting mirrors on NASA’s new space telescope could unveil Jupiters like our own

NASA 新型太空望远镜上的变形镜或将揭示像木星一样的行星

When NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope launches, as early as the end of next month, it will attempt one of astronomy’s most precise disappearing acts to date. It will carry the first space-bound “active” coronagraph, an instrument that effectively erases most of the light from a star during photography. The technology will allow astronomers to take the first pictures of planets orbiting other stars that are similar to those in our solar system. Ultimately, it could pave the way for a future mission that could snap the first photos of Earth-like worlds. “I hope it’s remembered for it being that critical stepping stone for … finding Earth 2.0,” says Brandon Creager, the instrument’s lead mechanical engineer. Read the full story on the space telescope that could transform the search for distant planets. —Eshan Raul, MIT Technology Review 当 NASA 的南希·格蕾丝·罗曼太空望远镜（Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope）最早于下个月底发射时，它将尝试天文学史上最精确的“消失术”之一。它将携带首个进入太空的“主动式”日冕仪，这是一种能在拍摄过程中有效消除恒星大部分光线的仪器。这项技术将使天文学家能够首次拍摄到围绕其他恒星运行的行星，这些行星与我们太阳系中的行星相似。最终，它可能为未来的任务铺平道路，从而拍摄到类地行星的首批照片。该仪器的首席机械工程师布兰登·克里格（Brandon Creager）表示：“我希望它能因成为寻找‘地球 2.0’的关键垫脚石而被铭记。”阅读关于这台可能改变遥远行星搜寻工作的太空望远镜的完整报道。——Eshan Raul，《麻省理工科技评论》

Narrated: PsiQuantum has a plan to make a massive quantum computer out of light

语音播报：PsiQuantum 计划用光制造大型量子计算机

The machine that could change the world will be housed in a room that looks like a data center crossed with an ice cream factory. Inside, some 100 stainless-steel cabinets each hold hundreds of chips. On those chips, thousands of light particles will fly through a maze of optical switches and beam splitters. Each photon must be accounted for, because precisely measuring where it ends up will help answer questions that current computers might take millions of years to solve. This computer, as described, does not exist. It’s the brainchild of a company called PsiQuantum, founded in 2016 by four physicists from UK universities. In a crowded field of deep-pocketed competitors with similarly fantastical visions, the company aims to be the first to build a useful quantum machine. —James O’Donnell 这台可能改变世界的机器将被安置在一个看起来既像数据中心又像冰淇淋工厂的房间里。在内部，大约 100 个不锈钢机柜中，每个都装有数百个芯片。在这些芯片上，数以千计的光粒子将穿过由光学开关和分束器组成的迷宫。每一个光子都必须被追踪，因为精确测量其最终位置将有助于回答当前计算机可能需要数百万年才能解决的问题。如上所述，这台计算机目前还不存在。它是 PsiQuantum 公司的结晶，该公司由四位英国大学的物理学家于 2016 年创立。在竞争对手云集、资金雄厚且拥有同样宏大愿景的领域中，该公司旨在成为第一个制造出实用量子机器的企业。——James O’Donnell

This is our latest story to be turned into an MIT Technology Review Narrated podcast, which we publish each week on Spotify and Apple Podcasts. Just navigate to MIT Technology Review Narrated on either platform, and follow us to get all our new content as it’s released. 这是我们最新被制作成《麻省理工科技评论》语音播报（MIT Technology Review Narrated）播客的故事，我们每周会在 Spotify 和 Apple Podcasts 上发布。只需在任一平台上搜索“MIT Technology Review Narrated”并关注我们，即可在第一时间获取我们的所有新内容。

The must-reads

必读内容

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 我已梳理了互联网，为您找出今天关于科技的最有趣、最重要、最令人担忧及最引人入胜的故事。

OpenAI says one of its models carried out an autonomous hack: It escaped its testing sandbox and breached AI research platform Hugging Face.
OpenAI 称其模型之一进行了自主黑客攻击： 它逃出了测试沙箱，并入侵了 AI 研究平台 Hugging Face。
France has become the first EU country to ban social media for under-15s: Its parliament approved the ban, which President Macron championed.
法国成为首个禁止 15 岁以下青少年使用社交媒体的欧盟国家： 法国议会批准了这项由马克龙总统倡导的禁令。
The US and China will hold talks over AI in September: Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent will lead the US side.
美中将于 9 月就人工智能举行会谈： 美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特（Scott Bessent）将率领美方代表团。
Publishers are considering cutting Google off as AI reshapes search: News outlets are weighing lost traffic against AI exposure.
随着 AI 重塑搜索，出版商正考虑切断与谷歌的联系： 新闻机构正在权衡流量损失与 AI 曝光度之间的利弊。
Samsung is in talks to invest €1 billion in Mistral: The French AI firm is positioning itself as an alternative to US models.
三星正商谈向 Mistral 投资 10 亿欧元： 这家法国 AI 公司正将自己定位为美国模型的替代方案。
Amazon pushed up rivals’ prices, leaked records allege: Internal emails reveal tactics that allegedly reshaped online pricing.
泄露记录显示亚马逊推高了竞争对手的价格： 内部邮件揭示了据称重塑了在线定价的策略。
Trump has tapped a Big Tech critic to lead the DOJ’s antitrust division: Adam Candeub has called for tougher federal competition enforcement.
特朗普任命一位大型科技公司批评者领导司法部反垄断部门： 亚当·坎杜布（Adam Candeub）曾呼吁加强联邦竞争执法。
New drilling methods could unlock geothermal energy almost anywhere: They aim to unlock Earth’s enormous heat reserves.
新的钻探方法几乎可以在任何地方开发地热能： 它们旨在释放地球巨大的热能储备。
AI researchers have proposed a “Genie coefficient” for measuring AI risks: It would track the gap between intent and action.
AI 研究人员提出用“精灵系数”（Genie coefficient）来衡量 AI 风险： 它将追踪意图与行动之间的差距。
Japan’s AI boom has two unlikely winners: a toilet maker and an MSG giant: They’re supplying critical chipmaking materials.
日本的 AI 热潮造就了两个意想不到的赢家：一家马桶制造商和一家味精巨头： 它们正在供应关键的芯片制造材料。

Quote of the day

今日金句

“He’s an analog man in a digital AI world, and I think that’s incredibly appealing.” —Paul Dergarabedian, a movie industry analyst at Comscore, tells Fortune that Christopher Nolan’s commitment to human filmmaking provides an attractive counterweight to Hollywood’s embrace of AI. “在这个数字化的 AI 世界里，他是一个模拟时代的人，我认为这非常有吸引力。”——Comscore 的电影行业分析师保罗·德加拉贝迪安（Paul Dergarabedian）告诉《财富》杂志，克里斯托弗·诺兰（Christopher Nolan）对人类电影制作的坚持，为好莱坞对 AI 的拥抱提供了一个极具吸引力的制衡。

One More Thing

补充一则

Taiwan’s “silicon shield” could be weakening: Taiwan produces the majority of the world’s semiconductors and more than 90% of the most advanced chips needed for AI applications. Many believe that’s helped deter China from invading the island. But now some Taiwan specialists and citizens are worried that this “silicon shield” is cracking. Facing pressure from Washington, TSMC—the world’s largest chipmaker—is expanding manufacturing abroad. In Taiwan, there are worries that this will dilute the company’s power at home, making the US and other countries less inclined to defend the island. Find out why Taiwan’s chipmaking dominance could be key to its future security. —Johanna M. Costigan 台湾的“硅盾”可能正在减弱： 台湾生产了全球大部分半导体，以及 AI 应用所需的 90% 以上的最先进芯片。许多人认为这有助于阻止中国大陆对该岛采取行动。但现在，一些台湾问题专家和民众担心这种“硅盾”正在出现裂痕。在华盛顿的压力下，全球最大的芯片制造商台积电（TSMC）正在海外扩大生产。在台湾，人们担心这会削弱该公司在本土的影响力，从而使美国和其他国家保护该岛的意愿降低。了解为什么台湾的芯片制造主导地位可能是其未来安全的关键。——Johanna M. Costigan

We can still have nice things

我们依然可以拥有美好事物

A place for comfort, fun, and distraction to brighten up your day. 一个为您提供舒适、乐趣和消遣，点亮您一天的地方。

Thrifty filmmakers have masterfully recreated Star Wars on a $10 budget.
节俭的电影制作人仅用 10 美元的预算就巧妙地重现了《星球大战》。
A man discovered squirrels hug and kiss their loved ones in the privacy of their homes.
一名男子发现松鼠在它们私密的家中会拥抱和亲吻它们的爱人。
Toronto’s floating waterfront store is reimagining one of the most familiar spaces across cultures.
多伦多的水上漂浮商店正在重新构想一种跨文化中最熟悉的公共空间。
These animations of Sesame Street characters performing classic tracks like Underworld’s “Born Slippy” will brighten up your day.
这些《芝麻街》角色表演 Underworld 乐队经典曲目《Born Slippy》的动画一定会让您心情愉悦。