New Yorkers will soon need to verify their age to access algorithmic feeds
New Yorkers will soon need to verify their age to access algorithmic feeds
纽约用户很快将需要验证年龄才能访问算法推荐信息流
New Yorkers who want to see their Instagram or TikTok feed curated by an algorithm, or receive notification after midnight, will soon have to verify their ages to access those features. 纽约用户如果想要查看由算法策划的 Instagram 或 TikTok 信息流，或是在午夜后接收通知，很快将必须通过年龄验证才能使用这些功能。
New York Attorney General Letitia James (D) released a set of final rules on how to implement the SAFE for Kids Act, signed into law by Governor Kathy Hochul (D) in June 2024. The rules lay out in more detail what social media platforms subject to the law will need to do in order to comply, including standards for understanding users’ ages, and how to go about obtaining parental consent for kids to use walled-off features. The law will officially go into effect on January 25, 2027. After that point, failing to comply could cost platforms up to $5,000 per violation. 纽约州总检察长莱蒂西亚·詹姆斯（民主党籍）发布了一套关于如何实施《儿童安全法案》（SAFE for Kids Act）的最终规则，该法案由州长凯西·霍楚尔（民主党籍）于 2024 年 6 月签署成为法律。这些规则更详细地规定了受该法律约束的社交媒体平台需要采取哪些合规措施，包括了解用户年龄的标准，以及如何为未成年人使用受限功能获取家长同意。该法律将于 2027 年 1 月 25 日正式生效。此后，若平台未能合规，每次违规可能面临最高 5,000 美元的罚款。
In order to provide access to algorithmic feeds, or notifications between 12 AM and 6 AM to adults, social media platforms that have user-generated content and users that spend at least 20 percent of their time on algorithmic feeds will need to confirm users’ ages through a method that meets certain accuracy thresholds. The rules don’t prescribe a method of checking ages, but lay out low false positive rates they need to meet, and the ability to detect attempts to circumvent age checks 98 percent of the time. Providing a government-issued ID is one way platforms could opt to check ages, but the rules also require them to give at least one other option. Information collected to check users’ ages must be immediately deleted or de-identified after it’s used. 为了向成年人提供算法信息流或午夜 12 点至凌晨 6 点之间的通知，拥有用户生成内容且用户至少 20% 的时间花在算法信息流上的社交媒体平台，需要通过符合特定准确度阈值的方法来确认用户年龄。规则并未指定具体的年龄核查方法，但规定了必须达到的低误报率，以及在 98% 的情况下检测出规避年龄检查行为的能力。提供政府签发的身份证件是平台可以选择的一种核查方式，但规则同时也要求平台必须至少提供另一种选择。用于核查用户年龄的信息在处理后必须立即删除或进行去标识化处理。
The rules also detail how parental consent to access age-gated features should work. Kids under 18 can request a parents’ permission to access features that are walled off, and they must consent to their parents being notified. But the platform cannot block minors from using non-age gated parts of the app or specifically searching for certain content just because their parents have not consented to their use of the age-restricted features. Both parents and kids can withdraw their consent, and the platform is not obligated to show parents any information about their kids’ search history or topics to obtain consent. 规则还详细说明了访问年龄限制功能所需的家长同意机制。18 岁以下的未成年人可以请求父母许可访问受限功能，且必须同意通知其父母。但平台不能仅仅因为父母未同意其使用受限功能，就阻止未成年人使用应用程序中非年龄限制的部分，或阻止其搜索特定内容。父母和孩子都可以撤回同意，且平台没有义务向父母展示有关孩子搜索历史或主题的任何信息以获取同意。
The final rules look largely similar to the AG’s initial proposal in September. But now that they are final, opponents who warn that age verification could impede on New Yorkers’ privacy and speech rights could seek to block it. Courts have often sided with the tech industry in blocking other state laws seeking to impose age verification, though the Supreme Court opened the door further to age verification requirements when it upheld a Texas law requiring it to access adult websites. 最终规则与总检察长在 9 月提出的初步方案基本相似。但随着规则最终确定，那些警告年龄验证可能侵犯纽约人隐私权和言论自由权的反对者可能会寻求阻止其执行。法院此前经常站在科技行业一边，阻止其他州试图强制实施年龄验证的法律；不过，最高法院在支持德克萨斯州要求访问成人网站需进行年龄验证的法律时，为年龄验证要求进一步敞开了大门。