Uber is building an autonomous vehicle empire, and here’s every company it’s using to do it

Uber 正在构建自动驾驶帝国，以下是其合作的所有公司

Uber has partnered with — and in some cases made direct investments in — more than 30 autonomous vehicle companies over the past two years. And it’s taking a global approach. Here, TechCrunch tracks every one of those moves in one place. 在过去两年中，Uber 已经与 30 多家自动驾驶公司建立了合作伙伴关系，并在某些情况下进行了直接投资。Uber 正在采取全球化战略。在此，TechCrunch 将这些举措汇总在一起进行追踪。

But first, a bit of history. Uber was, at one time, developing and testing its own autonomous vehicle (AV) technology. The company, then led by Travis Kalanick, created Uber Advanced Technologies Group (ATG) in 2014 and recruited dozens of researchers from Carnegie Mellon University’s robotics program. Two years later, Uber acquired Otto, a self-driving truck company founded by former Google self-driving engineer Anthony Levandowski, Lior Ron, Don Burnette (who has since gone on to found Kodiak AI), and Claire Delaunay. Uber also began testing its AVs on public streets in 2016 across California, Pittsburgh, and Arizona. 首先，回顾一下历史。Uber 曾一度开发并测试自己的自动驾驶（AV）技术。在 Travis Kalanick 的领导下，该公司于 2014 年成立了 Uber 高级技术集团（ATG），并从卡内基梅隆大学的机器人项目中招募了数十名研究人员。两年后，Uber 收购了 Otto，这是一家由前谷歌自动驾驶工程师 Anthony Levandowski、Lior Ron、Don Burnette（后来创立了 Kodiak AI）和 Claire Delaunay 共同创立的自动驾驶卡车公司。2016 年，Uber 开始在加利福尼亚州、匹兹堡和亚利桑那州的公共街道上测试其自动驾驶汽车。

All of that progress unraveled across three defining moments: Waymo’s trade secrets lawsuit against Uber, the resignation of Kalanick in 2017, and a fatal crash in Tempe, Arizona, in 2018 involving its self-driving Volvo XC90, which struck and killed a pedestrian. (The vehicle was in autonomous mode, and a human safety operator behind the wheel at the time wasn’t paying attention.) Uber suspended its testing and reorganized the program, although it never truly returned to its mission. 所有这些进展在三个决定性时刻化为乌有：Waymo 对 Uber 提起的商业机密诉讼、Kalanick 于 2017 年辞职，以及 2018 年在亚利桑那州坦佩市发生的一起致命车祸，其自动驾驶的沃尔沃 XC90 撞死了一名行人。（当时车辆处于自动驾驶模式，方向盘后的安全员并未注意路况。）Uber 暂停了测试并重组了该项目，尽管此后它从未真正回归其最初的使命。

After Dara Khosrowshahi took the wheel at Uber, the company went through a reset. In 2020, Uber walked away from all of its moonshots, including autonomous vehicles, to focus on its core businesses of ride-hailing and delivery using human-driven vehicles. Uber sold Uber ATG to Aurora, Jump to Lime, and Elevate to Joby Aviation. It didn’t completely divest, though. Uber kept equity stakes in all of them. Just two years later, Uber crept back in and started making AV deals. The deal flow picked up in earnest in 2024. Below is the full list, which TechCrunch will keep updated as Uber makes new moves. 在 Dara Khosrowshahi 接管 Uber 后，公司经历了一次重置。2020 年，Uber 放弃了所有“登月计划”（moonshots），包括自动驾驶汽车，转而专注于以人工驾驶车辆为主的网约车和外卖配送核心业务。Uber 将 Uber ATG 出售给了 Aurora，将 Jump 出售给了 Lime，并将 Elevate 出售给了 Joby Aviation。不过，它并没有完全撤资，而是保留了所有这些公司的股权。仅仅两年后，Uber 又悄然回归，开始达成自动驾驶交易。2024 年，交易节奏明显加快。以下是完整列表，TechCrunch 将随着 Uber 的新动作持续更新。

Aurora

Uber has been connected with Aurora since 2020 when, as mentioned above, it sold its Uber ATG unit to the company. Uber received equity in Aurora as part of that deal and still owns that stake. As of this past April, Uber, through its holding company Neben Holdings, owns 325.97 million Aurora Class A shares, representing a 19.7% Class A equity stake and 6.9% voting power, according to SEC filings. Uber Freight, the logistics business spun out of Uber in 2018, announced in June 2024 a multi-year collaboration with Aurora that expanded upon an existing pilot program. In May 2025, the companies said Aurora’s self-driving trucks had been completing roundtrip hauls between Dallas and Houston via the Uber Freight platform. 自 2020 年将 Uber ATG 部门出售给 Aurora 以来，Uber 就与该公司建立了联系。作为交易的一部分，Uber 获得了 Aurora 的股权并持有至今。根据美国证券交易委员会（SEC）的文件，截至今年 4 月，Uber 通过其控股公司 Neben Holdings 持有 3.2597 亿股 Aurora A 类股，占 A 类股权的 19.7%，拥有 6.9% 的投票权。2018 年从 Uber 分拆出来的物流业务 Uber Freight 于 2024 年 6 月宣布与 Aurora 开展多年合作，扩展了现有的试点项目。2025 年 5 月，两家公司表示，Aurora 的自动驾驶卡车已通过 Uber Freight 平台完成了达拉斯和休斯顿之间的往返运输。

Autobrains

In June 2026, the companies announced plans to launch a robotaxi program in Munich, pending regulatory approval. The partnership lacks some details, such as what vehicle will be used. The companies pitched this as an OEM-agnostic model. Vehicles will be equipped with Israel-based Autobrains’ agentic AI driving system, which runs on Nvidia’s Drive Hyperion platform. The robotaxis will be available via Uber’s app. 2026 年 6 月，两家公司宣布计划在慕尼黑推出自动驾驶出租车（Robotaxi）项目，目前正等待监管部门批准。该合作缺乏一些细节，例如将使用何种车辆。两家公司将其宣传为一种“与原始设备制造商（OEM）无关”的模式。车辆将配备总部位于以色列的 Autobrains 公司的代理 AI 驾驶系统，该系统运行在英伟达的 Drive Hyperion 平台上。这些自动驾驶出租车将通过 Uber 应用程序提供服务。

Avomo

Avomo, a European company that was previously known as Moove Cars, is an autonomous fleet operator partner. Uber actually took a 30% stake in Avomo in 2021. And while Avomo might not have the same name recognition as other players, it is embedded in Uber’s AV business. For instance, it is the company responsible for managing fleet services such as vehicle cleaning, maintenance, inspections, charging, and depot operations for the Waymo-Uber partnership in Austin. Avomo also handles fleet operations for Uber as part of its robotaxi service agreement with WeRide in Madrid, which was announced in June 2026. Important note: don’t mistake Avomo (formerly Moove Cars), for Moove, an African company that manages Waymo’s AV fleet in Phoenix. Avomo 是一家欧洲公司，前身为 Moove Cars，是 Uber 的自动驾驶车队运营商合作伙伴。Uber 实际上在 2021 年收购了 Avomo 30% 的股份。虽然 Avomo 的知名度可能不如其他参与者，但它已深度嵌入 Uber 的自动驾驶业务中。例如，它是负责管理 Waymo 与 Uber 在奥斯汀合作项目的车队服务公司，包括车辆清洁、维护、检查、充电和车库运营。Avomo 还负责处理 Uber 在马德里与文远知行（WeRide）达成的自动驾驶出租车服务协议中的车队运营（该协议于 2026 年 6 月宣布）。重要提示：不要将 Avomo（前身为 Moove Cars）与 Moove 混淆，后者是一家管理 Waymo 在凤凰城自动驾驶车队的非洲公司。

Avride

Avride, the Yandex spinout now under parent company Nebius Group, announced a multi-year deal with Uber in October 2024 to bring Avride’s sidewalk delivery robots and autonomous vehicles to both Uber’s delivery unit, Uber Eats, and Uber’s ride-hailing app. In February 2025, Uber shared in its fourth-quarter earnings that Uber Eats orders in Austin and Dallas were being delivered via autonomous sidewalk robots in partnership with Avride. Avride disclosed in fall 2025 that it had secured strategic investments and commercial commitments worth $375 million from Uber and Nebius. Neither company provided details on the investment and how much was capital. By the end of 2025, Avride robotaxis — built on Hyundai IONIQ 5s outfitted with Avride’s self-driving system — were available on the Uber app in Dallas. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration opened an investigation into Avride in May 2026 after identifying more than a dozen crashes and one minor injury. As of this past June, these were not driverless and still had a human safety operator behind the wheel. Avride 是从 Yandex 分拆出来、现隶属于 Nebius Group 的公司。2024 年 10 月，该公司宣布与 Uber 达成多年协议，将 Avride 的人行道配送机器人和自动驾驶汽车引入 Uber 的外卖部门 Uber Eats 和 Uber 网约车应用程序。2025 年 2 月，Uber 在第四季度财报中透露，在奥斯汀和达拉斯，Uber Eats 的订单正通过与 Avride 合作的自动人行道机器人进行配送。Avride 在 2025 年秋季披露，已获得来自 Uber 和 Nebius 总价值 3.75 亿美元的战略投资和商业承诺。两家公司均未提供有关投资细节或资本金额的信息。到 2025 年底，基于现代 IONIQ 5 并配备 Avride 自动驾驶系统的 Avride 自动驾驶出租车已在达拉斯的 Uber 应用程序上可用。美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）在发现十几起事故和一起轻伤事件后，于 2026 年 5 月对 Avride 展开了调查。截至今年 6 月，这些车辆尚未实现完全无人驾驶，方向盘后仍有安全员。

Baidu

Uber announced a multi-year strategic partnership with the Chinese tech giant in July 2025. Under the agreement, thousands of Baidu’s Apollo Go autonomous vehicles will be deployed on the Uber platform in multiple markets outside the U.S. and mainland China. Those deployments were set to start in Asia and the Middle East later in 2025, the companies said at the time. In late 2025, Baidu said it would start testing Apollo Go robotaxis in London in the first half of 2026 through its partnership with Uber. As of June, those tests had not begun. Uber 于 2025 年 7 月宣布与这家中国科技巨头建立多年战略合作伙伴关系。根据协议，数千辆百度的“萝卜快跑”（Apollo Go）自动驾驶汽车将被部署在除美国和中国大陆以外的多个市场的 Uber 平台上。两家公司当时表示，这些部署计划于 2025 年晚些时候在亚洲和中东地区启动。2025 年底，百度表示将通过与 Uber 的合作，于 2026 年上半年在伦敦开始测试 Apollo Go 自动驾驶出租车。截至 6 月，这些测试尚未开始。

Cartken

The sidewalk delivery robot company started working with Uber in 2022, announcing a partnership to deliver food in Miami, with plans to add more cities in 2023. The two companies expanded to commercial deliveries in Fairfax, Virginia that same year and, in February 2025, announced that they were delivering food in Osaka, Japan, using Cartken robots. Cartken shifted its focus to industrial robots by summer 2025. 这家人行道配送机器人公司于 2022 年开始与 Uber 合作，宣布在迈阿密进行食品配送，并计划在 2023 年增加更多城市。同年，两家公司将业务扩展到弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯的商业配送，并于 2025 年 2 月宣布在日本大阪使用 Cartken 机器人配送食品。到 2025 年夏季，Cartken 将业务重心转向了工业机器人。