Self-driving trucks are officially testing on California highways

自动驾驶卡车正式在加州高速公路上进行测试

Aurora Innovation and Kodiak AI, two companies developing self-driving trucks, have received permits from the California Department of Motor Vehicles to test their autonomous vehicle technology on public roads. And Kodiak has already started. Kodiak said it is starting with a handful of test trucks in California, primarily around its Mountain View office.

正在开发自动驾驶卡车的两家公司 Aurora Innovation 和 Kodiak AI 已获得加州机动车管理局（DMV）的许可，可以在公共道路上测试其自动驾驶技术。目前，Kodiak 已经开始了测试。Kodiak 表示，他们正从加州的少量测试卡车开始，主要集中在其山景城（Mountain View）办公室周边。

Both companies applied for testing permits this spring under updated rules approved by the California DMV, the agency that regulates autonomous vehicles in the state. Those rules, approved April 28, lifted a ban on driverless vehicles weighing over 10,000 pounds from testing on public roads and provided a regulatory path for companies to test, and eventually deploy, autonomous heavy-duty vehicles.

两家公司均于今年春季根据加州 DMV（该州自动驾驶车辆的监管机构）批准的更新规则申请了测试许可。这些于 4 月 28 日批准的规则，解除了对重量超过 10,000 磅的无人驾驶车辆在公共道路上进行测试的禁令，并为企业测试乃至最终部署自动驾驶重型车辆提供了监管途径。

Kodiak and Aurora met the DMV’s permitting criteria, including safety, insurance, vehicle registration, safety driver qualification, and other requirements, according to the agency. The testing permits require a human safety operator to be behind the wheel and prohibit companies from operating on roads where the posted speed limit is 25 miles per hour or less, unless they are on a “direct route” between destinations.

据该机构称，Kodiak 和 Aurora 均符合 DMV 的许可标准，包括安全、保险、车辆注册、安全驾驶员资质及其他要求。测试许可要求必须有安全员在驾驶座上，并禁止公司在限速为每小时 25 英里或以下的道路上行驶，除非是在目的地之间的“直接路线”上。

Despite those restrictions, the prospect of self-driving trucks on California’s highways continues to fuel opposition. Last week, Teamsters California sued the state’s DMV, alleging that the agency circumvented laws requiring it to study and publicly disclose the possible economic impacts of allowing self-driving trucks on public roads. The lawsuit, filed in the state’s Superior Court in Alameda County, also accused the DMV of failing to consider the safety risks to motorists.

尽管有这些限制，自动驾驶卡车在加州高速公路上行驶的前景仍持续引发反对。上周，加州卡车司机工会（Teamsters California）起诉了州 DMV，指控该机构规避了法律要求，即在允许自动驾驶卡车上路前，必须研究并公开披露其可能带来的经济影响。该诉讼已提交至阿拉米达县高等法院，还指控 DMV 未能充分考虑对驾驶员的安全风险。

For autonomous vehicle developers, the new rules allow them to test and eventually deploy in their home territories. Aurora and Kodiak are both are based in California, but until recently focused their testing and deployment activities in Texas because of their home-state’s ban on autonomous heavy-duty trucks.

对于自动驾驶开发商而言，新规则允许他们在自己的大本营进行测试并最终部署。Aurora 和 Kodiak 的总部均位于加州，但直到最近，由于加州此前禁止自动驾驶重型卡车，他们的测试和部署活动一直集中在德克萨斯州。

Aurora launched a self-driving truck service in Texas in May 2025, starting with a Dallas-to-Houston route. The company has added more routes since, including between Fort Worth and El Paso, El Paso and Phoenix, Fort Worth and Phoenix, and Laredo and Dallas.

Aurora 于 2025 年 5 月在德克萨斯州推出了自动驾驶卡车服务，首条路线为达拉斯至休斯顿。此后，该公司增加了更多路线，包括沃斯堡至埃尔帕索、埃尔帕索至凤凰城、沃斯堡至凤凰城，以及拉雷多至达拉斯。

Kodiak began commercial driverless truck operations in January 2025 in an off-road environment in West Texas’ remote Permian Basin. Kodiak has since expanded to on-highway operations, including a route between Dallas and Houston.

Kodiak 于 2025 年 1 月在德克萨斯州西部偏远的二叠纪盆地（Permian Basin）的非公路环境中开始了商业无人驾驶卡车运营。此后，Kodiak 已扩展至高速公路运营，包括达拉斯至休斯顿的路线。