Ukraine strikes major Russian rocket factory with cruise missiles
Ukraine strikes major Russian rocket factory with cruise missiles
乌克兰使用巡航导弹袭击俄罗斯大型火箭工厂
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy confirmed on Saturday that his country struck the Progress Rocket Space Center deep within Russia using ground-launched cruise missiles. 乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基周六证实，乌克兰使用陆基巡航导弹袭击了位于俄罗斯境内的“进步”火箭航天中心（Progress Rocket Space Center）。
“In Russia’s Samara region, one of the key enterprises within Roscosmos—the Progress Center, which was involved, among other things, in electronics production–was hit,” Zelenskyy said on the social media site X. “Flamingo missiles were used. A good achievement.” “在俄罗斯萨马拉地区，俄罗斯国家航天集团（Roscosmos）旗下的关键企业之一——‘进步’中心遭到了打击，该中心除其他业务外，还涉及电子产品生产，”泽连斯基在社交媒体平台 X 上表示，“此次行动使用了‘火烈鸟’（Flamingo）导弹。这是一项不错的成就。”
The largest city in the Samara Oblast, about 900 km from the Ukrainian border, Samara is home to Russia’s most important manufacturer of rockets. The Progress center assembles the workhorse vehicle for Russia, the Soyuz-2 vehicle, as well as the newer Soyuz-5 rocket. The facility also builds military satellites. 萨马拉是萨马拉州最大的城市，距离乌克兰边境约 900 公里，是俄罗斯最重要的火箭制造基地所在地。“进步”中心负责组装俄罗斯的主力运载火箭“联盟-2号”（Soyuz-2）以及较新的“联盟-5号”火箭。该设施还负责制造军事卫星。
Russia uses the Soyuz-2 rocket, which has a lift capacity of about 8 metric tons to low-Earth orbit, for a variety of civil and military purposes. Notably, it is the principal rocket used for Russia’s human spacecraft launches to the International Space Station. 俄罗斯使用“联盟-2号”火箭执行各种民用和军事任务，该火箭近地轨道的运载能力约为 8 公吨。值得注意的是，它是俄罗斯向国际空间站发射载人航天器的主要火箭。
Already a shortage of Soyuz rockets
“联盟”系列火箭本已短缺
It was not immediately clear which facilities at the sprawling Progress facility were damaged. There were some open-source reports that a missile struck a building that houses a clean room for avionics—perhaps a reference to the electronics production Zelenskyy referred to. 目前尚不清楚庞大的“进步”工厂中哪些设施受损。一些开源情报报告称，一枚导弹击中了一座容纳航空电子设备洁净室的建筑——这或许正是泽连斯基所提到的电子产品生产区域。
Ukraine used the FP-5 “Flamingo” missiles for the attack, which have a range of several thousand kilometers. The “FP” stands for Fire Point, the Ukraine-based defense group that developed the missile. The missile has previously been used to target energy infrastructure, military production facilities, and other strategic targets. 乌克兰在此次袭击中使用了 FP-5“火烈鸟”导弹，该导弹射程达数千公里。“FP”代表“火力点”（Fire Point），即研发该导弹的乌克兰国防集团。此前，该导弹曾被用于打击能源基础设施、军事生产设施及其他战略目标。
It seems unlikely that Ukraine sought to target Russia’s civilian space infrastructure, but the civil and military space efforts in Russia are closely aligned. Any lasting damage to Soyuz rocket production would be crippling for Russia’s space programs. 乌克兰似乎并非有意针对俄罗斯的民用航天基础设施，但俄罗斯的民用和军用航天事业联系紧密。对“联盟”号火箭生产造成的任何持久性破坏，都将对俄罗斯的航天计划造成重创。
Of the more than 120 Russian rocket launches since 2020, more than 85 percent have involved the Soyuz-2 family of rockets. This has become the country’s key launch vehicle with the Proton booster aging out, and the newer Angara rockets being so slow to reach a decent launch cadence. 自 2020 年以来的 120 多次俄罗斯火箭发射中，超过 85% 使用的是“联盟-2号”系列火箭。随着“质子号”（Proton）助推器逐渐老化，以及较新的“安加拉号”（Angara）火箭发射频率提升缓慢，“联盟-2号”已成为该国最关键的运载工具。
Even before the attacks, Russian space officials said demand for Soyuz rockets were exceeding the production capacity, Russian Space Web reports. This demand was as much as 30 to 50 percent higher than capacity for the period from 2027 to 2030. 据《俄罗斯航天网》（Russian Space Web）报道，甚至在袭击发生前，俄罗斯航天官员就曾表示，“联盟”号火箭的需求已超过生产能力。在 2027 年至 2030 年期间，这一需求缺口预计将比产能高出 30% 至 50%。