Two unvaccinated people die from measles in Pennsylvania, officials confirm
Two unvaccinated people die from measles in Pennsylvania, officials confirm
宾夕法尼亚州官员证实：两名未接种疫苗者死于麻疹
Two unvaccinated people have died from measles in Pennsylvania, state health officials confirmed Tuesday. They are the first measles deaths reported in Pennsylvania in 35 years and the first deaths reported in the US in 2026. 宾夕法尼亚州卫生官员周二证实，该州有两人因感染麻疹死亡。这是宾夕法尼亚州 35 年来首次报告麻疹死亡病例，也是 2026 年美国境内报告的首批死亡病例。
Last year, the US saw three measles deaths: two in otherwise-healthy but unvaccinated school-age children in Texas and one in an unvaccinated adult in New Mexico. Prior to those deaths, the US had not seen a measles death since 2015, when a woman with underlying conditions became severely ill. 去年，美国共发生三起麻疹死亡病例：德克萨斯州两名身体健康但未接种疫苗的学龄儿童，以及新墨西哥州一名未接种疫苗的成年人。在此之前，美国自 2015 年一名患有基础疾病的女性因病重去世后，就再未出现过麻疹死亡病例。
Citing privacy, health officials in Pennsylvania are not providing information on the people who died beyond that they were unvaccinated and were residents of Lancaster County. Officials noted that the deaths are among 393 confirmed cases reported this year across 28 counties in the state. 出于隐私考虑，宾夕法尼亚州卫生官员未透露死者的具体信息，仅表示他们均为未接种疫苗的兰开斯特县（Lancaster County）居民。官员指出，这两起死亡病例是该州今年在 28 个县报告的 393 例确诊病例中的一部分。
The new deaths come as vaccination rates continue to slip nationwide and cases of the virus—one of the most contagious in the world—continue to surge. Already in 2026, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has tallied at least 2,777 cases, the highest total since 1991. 在这些死亡病例出现之际，全美疫苗接种率持续下滑，而作为全球传染性最强的病毒之一，麻疹的病例数仍在激增。2026 年至今，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）已记录了至少 2,777 例病例，创下自 1991 年以来的最高纪录。
The US had previously declared measles eliminated in 2000, after concerted vaccination efforts broke the chains of transmission over a 12-month period. But now, US vaccination rates have slipped to around 92 percent, significantly below the 95 percent target needed to prevent the virus from spreading in communities. Non-medical vaccination exemptions, meanwhile, have reached yet another record high this year, hitting 4 percent. 美国曾于 2000 年宣布消灭了麻疹，当时通过协同一致的疫苗接种工作，在 12 个月内切断了传播链。但如今，美国的疫苗接种率已降至约 92%，远低于防止病毒在社区传播所需的 95% 的目标。与此同时，非医疗原因的疫苗接种豁免率今年再创新高，达到 4%。
In Pennsylvania, vaccination rates against measles have fallen from 96.7 percent in 2017 to 92.7 percent in 2026, according to data compiled by the CDC. In Lancaster county, where the deaths occurred, only 87.6 percent of kindergartners were fully vaccinated against measles in the last school year, according to state data. 根据 CDC 汇编的数据，宾夕法尼亚州的麻疹疫苗接种率已从 2017 年的 96.7% 下降至 2026 年的 92.7%。州政府数据显示，在发生死亡病例的兰开斯特县，上一学年仅有 87.6% 的幼儿园儿童完成了麻疹疫苗的全程接种。
Pennsyvlania Secretary of Health Dr. Debra Bogen expressed her deep sympathy for the families of those who died, while putting the deaths in context and urging residents to be get vaccinated. “Because measles was largely eliminated in the Commonwealth for more than three decades, people are not familiar with this disease and don’t fully understand the potential severity of the illness,” Bogen said in a statement. 宾夕法尼亚州卫生部长黛布拉·博根（Dr. Debra Bogen）博士对死者家属表示深切慰问，同时阐述了这些死亡病例的背景，并敦促居民接种疫苗。博根在声明中表示：“由于麻疹在过去三十多年里在宾州基本被消灭，人们对这种疾病感到陌生，并不完全了解其潜在的严重性。”
“We want to ensure every Pennsylvanian has the information they need to protect themselves, their loved ones and their communities. As a physician, I want to make sure that people understand that the MMR vaccine is safe and provides the best protection we have against measles.” “我们希望确保每一位宾州居民都能获得保护自己、家人和社区所需的信息。作为一名医生，我想确保人们了解 MMR（麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹）疫苗是安全的，它能为我们提供抵御麻疹的最佳保护。”
While measles fatalities are rare—between one to three in 1,000 cases—the risk is demonstrably real. And in many more cases, the disease can be severe, leading to hospitalizations and complications, some of which can lead to hearing loss and intellectual disabilities. The virus also causes a rare but fatal neurological condition called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), which typically strikes years after a child seemingly recovers from the infection. 虽然麻疹的致死率很低（每 1,000 例病例中约有 1 到 3 例），但这种风险是真实存在的。在更多病例中，病情可能非常严重，导致住院和并发症，其中一些并发症可能导致听力丧失和智力障碍。该病毒还会引发一种罕见但致命的神经系统疾病，称为亚急性硬化性全脑炎（SSPE），通常在儿童看似从感染中康复多年后发作。
Two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine—generally given at around 1 and 4 years of age, respectively—are 97 percent effective against the virus. The combination vaccine has proven safe in rigorous testing and over decades of global use in millions of children. 两剂麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）疫苗（通常分别在 1 岁和 4 岁左右接种）对该病毒的有效率为 97%。这种联合疫苗在严格的测试以及全球数百万儿童数十年的使用中已被证明是安全的。
Still, anti-vaccine rhetoric, misinformation, and disinformation have shaken confidence in the vaccine, driving down vaccination rates. Some of that damaging discourse has come from Trump administration officials, most notably ardent anti-vaccine activist Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who is currently the US health secretary. But President Trump has also contributed, falsely claiming in a White House press event two weeks ago that the MMR vaccine can be “quite lethal.” The MMR vaccine has never been linked to a death in a person with a competent immune system (it’s not recommended in those who are immunocompromised). 然而，反疫苗言论、错误信息和虚假信息动摇了人们对疫苗的信心，导致接种率下降。一些破坏性的言论来自特朗普政府官员，最引人注目的是现任美国卫生部长、坚定的反疫苗活动家小罗伯特·F·肯尼迪（Robert F. Kennedy Jr.）。特朗普总统本人也推波助澜，在两周前的一次白宫新闻发布会上错误地声称 MMR 疫苗可能“相当致命”。事实上，MMR 疫苗从未与免疫系统健全者的死亡有任何关联（该疫苗不建议免疫功能低下者接种）。