Haiku R1/beta6 released

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Haiku R1/beta6 released

Haiku R1/beta6 发布

Haiku is developed by a small team mostly composed of volunteers, without the use of code or any other materials generated by ‘AI’ in first-party components. If our mission to build an open-source desktop operating system that specifically targets personal computing sounds appealing, consider getting involved!

Haiku 由一个主要由志愿者组成的小型团队开发，其第一方组件中未使用任何由“人工智能”生成的代码或其他材料。如果我们构建专门针对个人计算的开源桌面操作系统的使命听起来很吸引人，欢迎加入我们！

The sixth beta for Haiku R1 comes just about a week after Haiku’s 25th anniversary. We’ve come a long way since the project began a quarter-century ago in 2001. Thank you to everyone who’s supported us thus far, and here’s to another 25 years of Haiku!

Haiku R1 的第六个测试版发布于 Haiku 25 周年纪念日后约一周。自 2001 年项目启动以来的四分之一个世纪里，我们走过了漫长的道路。感谢迄今为止支持我们的每一个人，期待 Haiku 的下一个 25 年！

This release contains almost two years of the development team’s hard work to improve Haiku’s features and overall stability, and to make more software available for use. Over 530 bugs and enhancement tickets have been resolved for this release.

本次发布包含了开发团队近两年的辛勤工作，旨在提升 Haiku 的功能和整体稳定性，并提供更多可用的软件。此次发布共解决了超过 530 个错误和功能增强工单。

Please keep in mind that Haiku is beta-quality software, which means it is feature complete but still contains known and unknown bugs. While we are increasingly confident in its stability, we cannot provide assurances against data loss.

请记住，Haiku 仍处于测试阶段，这意味着它虽然功能完备，但仍包含已知和未知的错误。尽管我们对其稳定性越来越有信心，但我们无法保证不会发生数据丢失。

For all of this release cycle, waddlesplash was employed as a contractor to work on Haiku. His contract is presently ongoing, supported by the generous donations of readers like you to Haiku, Inc., a 501(c)3 non-profit.

在整个发布周期内，waddlesplash 受聘为 Haiku 的合同工。他的合同目前仍在进行中，这得益于像您这样的读者对 501(c)3 非营利组织 Haiku, Inc. 的慷慨捐赠。

To download Haiku or learn how to upgrade from the previous release, see “Get Haiku!”. For press inquiries, see “Press contact”.

如需下载 Haiku 或了解如何从上一版本升级，请参阅“Get Haiku!”。媒体咨询请参阅“Press contact”。

System requirements

系统要求

This release is available for x86 32-bit and 64-bit platforms. 本次发布适用于 x86 32 位和 64 位平台。

MINIMUM (32-bit) 最低配置 (32-bit)

  • Processor: Intel Pentium II; AMD Athlon
  • Memory: 256MB
  • Monitor: 800x600
  • Storage: 2GB
  • 处理器：Intel Pentium II; AMD Athlon
  • 内存：256MB
  • 显示器：800x600
  • 存储：2GB

RECOMMENDED (64-bit) 推荐配置 (64-bit)

  • Processor: Intel Core i3; AMD Phenom II
  • Memory: 2GB
  • Monitor: 1366x768
  • Storage: 16GB
  • 处理器：Intel Core i3; AMD Phenom II
  • 内存：2GB
  • 显示器：1366x768
  • 存储：16GB

New features

新功能

Mozilla Firefox 在 R1/beta5 发布几个月后，首批基于 Mozilla Firefox 代码库的可运行网页浏览器出现在软件仓库中。它们最初存在不少错误，且未使用官方品牌。在过去两年中，随着 Haiku 端和移植工作本身的改进，情况变得更加稳定。最近，Mozilla 授权允许使用官方的“Firefox”品牌。所以，如果有人问“Firefox 能在 Haiku 上运行吗？”，你现在可以回答“是的，可以！”

A variety of other software based on the Firefox codebase is also now available in HaikuDepot, including LibreWolf, Waterfox, Floorp, Icedove (a de-branded version of Thunderbird) and more. HaikuDepot 中现在还提供了多种基于 Firefox 代码库的其他软件，包括 LibreWolf、Waterfox、Floorp、Icedove（Thunderbird 的去品牌化版本）等。

(Note that Firefox and derivatives are only available for x86_64 at the moment. And since Haiku is still beta-quality software, if you encounter any missing features or incomplete functionality compared to Firefox on Linux or other OSes, that’s probably our fault, not Mozilla’s, and any such problems should be reported to HaikuPorts.) （请注意，Firefox 及其衍生版本目前仅适用于 x86_64。由于 Haiku 仍处于测试阶段，如果您发现与 Linux 或其他操作系统上的 Firefox 相比缺少某些功能或功能不完整，这很可能是我们的问题而非 Mozilla 的问题，此类问题应报告给 HaikuPorts。）

Hardware virtualization for QEMU (on x86_64) QEMU 的硬件虚拟化（在 x86_64 上） Haiku now supports “NVMM”, the NetBSD Virtual Machine Monitor (which originated on NetBSD, but already had been ported to at least DragonFlyBSD as well before Haiku). This provides support for hardware virtualization to QEMU on most x86_64 systems supporting Intel VT-x or AMD-V. It supports both 32-bit and 64-bit guests, SMP, a wide range of QEMU’s emulated hardware and options, and many different kinds of guest OSes. Just add -accel nvmm to your QEMU command line arguments. Haiku 现在支持 NetBSD 虚拟机监视器“NVMM”（该监视器源自 NetBSD，在 Haiku 之前已至少被移植到 DragonFlyBSD）。这为大多数支持 Intel VT-x 或 AMD-V 的 x86_64 系统上的 QEMU 提供了硬件虚拟化支持。它支持 32 位和 64 位客户机、SMP、广泛的 QEMU 模拟硬件和选项，以及多种不同的客户操作系统。只需在 QEMU 命令行参数中添加 -accel nvmm 即可。

(Note that NVMM acceleration is still somewhat experimental. Please report any problems you encounter on the bug tracker.) （请注意，NVMM 加速仍处于实验阶段。如果您遇到任何问题，请在错误跟踪器上报告。）

Software ports 软件移植 The HaikuPorts project continues to maintain a wide variety of software ports to Haiku. There are simply too many new ports to list all of them here (including many KDE and GTK applications), but here’s one of the more notable ones: HaikuPorts 项目继续维护着大量移植到 Haiku 的软件。由于新移植的软件太多，无法在此一一列出（包括许多 KDE 和 GTK 应用程序），但以下是一个值得注意的例子：

Go There is now a port of the Go programming language compiler and runtime available in the package repositories. Note that this port is a bit out of date (1.26.1), and hasn’t been submitted for inclusion in upstream Go yet; but many features and packages have already been confirmed to work on Haiku, perhaps with a bit of patching (including Hugo, the static site generation tool used for the main Haiku website itself.) 软件包仓库中现在提供了 Go 编程语言编译器和运行时的移植版本。请注意，此版本略显陈旧（1.26.1），且尚未提交给 Go 上游合并；但许多功能和软件包已被确认可以在 Haiku 上运行，可能需要进行少量修补（包括用于 Haiku 主网站的静态站点生成工具 Hugo）。

Changes & bug fixes

变更与错误修复

Hundreds of bugs and other minor issues or enhancement requests were resolved since the previous release, and there are simply too many to try and list them all here. (The monthly activity reports contain a much more complete accounting of the changes.) Practically every area of the system received some amount of attention, and the result is Haiku’s most polished and stable release thus far, though some rough edges remain here and there. 自上一版本发布以来，数百个错误、其他小问题或功能请求已得到解决，数量之多无法在此一一列出。（月度活动报告中包含了更完整的变更记录。）系统的几乎每个领域都得到了改进，其结果是 Haiku 迄今为止最完善、最稳定的版本，尽管仍存在一些瑕疵。

System-wide performance optimizations

系统级性能优化

There are quite a lot of changes and refactors across most of the system to improve performance in this release. Here are a few of the (rather technical) highlights: 本次发布中，系统大部分区域进行了大量的更改和重构以提升性能。以下是一些（相当技术性的）亮点：

  • refactored MIME sniffer buffer management (speeds up MIME sniffing by 5-10x or more)
  • 重构了 MIME 嗅探器缓冲区管理（将 MIME 嗅探速度提升了 5-10 倍甚至更多）
  • faster (and in some cases, better) string hashing routines
  • 更快（在某些情况下更好）的字符串哈希例程
  • improved locking granularity in many parts of the kernel: memory manager (memory reservations and unreservations), VFS (file descriptor lookups, unused vnode state changes, I/O context root lookups), user timers, and more.
  • 改进了内核许多部分的锁粒度：内存管理器（内存预留和取消预留）、VFS（文件描述符查找、未使用的 vnode 状态更改、I/O 上下文根查找）、用户定时器等。
  • exclusive-lock avoidance in the FIFO (pipe()) implementation, improving throughput from hundreds of MB/s to multiple GB/s
  • 在 FIFO (pipe()) 实现中避免了排他锁，将吞吐量从数百 MB/s 提升至数 GB/s
  • more arena allocators for scratch buffers (e.g. FIFOs, packagefs), avoiding kernel page table changes and invalidations
  • 为暂存缓冲区（如 FIFO、packagefs）增加了更多区域分配器，避免了内核页表的更改和失效
  • skip regular fork operations on vfork (we don’t support a true vfork, but implement the call for compatibility)
  • 在 vfork 上跳过常规 fork 操作（我们不支持真正的 vfork，但为了兼容性实现了该调用）
  • replaced or rewrote many basic library calls with more optimized versions: memmove, strlen, strcmp, memcmp, and much more
  • 用更优化的版本替换或重写了许多基本库调用：memmove、strlen、strcmp、memcmp 等
  • re-tuned size classes of the kernel malloc (they hadn’t been adjusted since 2007)
  • 重新调整了内核 malloc 的大小类（自 2007 年以来一直未调整）
  • added heuristics for pre-mapping of large files (benefits large applications that are spawned many times, e.g. gcc)
  • 增加了大文件预映射的启发式算法（有利于多次启动的大型应用程序，例如 gcc）
  • use non-exclusive locks and atomic operations where possible in kernel primitives to send messages to other CPU cores
  • 在内核原语中尽可能使用非排他锁和原子操作来向其他 CPU 核心发送消息
  • directory-entry cache refactored to not need a write-lock when adding entries to the cache
  • 重构了目录条目缓存，在向缓存添加条目时不再需要写锁
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