Anthropic was illegally blacklisted by the Trump administration, court rules
Anthropic was illegally blacklisted by the Trump administration, court rules
法院裁定：Anthropic 被特朗普政府非法列入黑名单
On Thursday, a judge ruled that the Pentagon’s blacklisting of Anthropic earlier this year was unconstitutional, delivering the AI lab a win in a monthslong rollercoaster of a battle with the Trump administration. 周四，一位法官裁定五角大楼今年早些时候将 Anthropic 列入黑名单的行为违宪，这标志着这家人工智能实验室在与特朗普政府长达数月的激烈博弈中取得了一场胜利。
The lawsuit, filed in March in a California district court, accused the Trump administration of unlawfully retaliating against Anthropic for setting “red lines,” or unacceptable military use cases of its AI technology. 该诉讼于 3 月在加利福尼亚州地方法院提起，指控特朗普政府因 Anthropic 设定“红线”（即其人工智能技术不可接受的军事用途）而对其进行非法报复。
“The empty invocation of national security is not a blank check to punish and retaliate against government critics,” Judge Rita F. Lin, a district judge in the northern district of California, wrote in the ruling. 加利福尼亚州北区地方法官丽塔·F·林（Rita F. Lin）在裁决书中写道：“空洞地援引国家安全并非惩罚和报复政府批评者的空白支票。”
She also wrote that the actions were “unlawful retaliation in violation of the First Amendment,” adding that Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth’s decision to designate Anthropic a supply chain risk “was arbitrary and capricious. Though the Department of War is undisputedly free to select the AI vendor of its choice, the evidence demonstrates that the broad measures imposed on Anthropic were illegal and baseless.” 她还写道，这些行为是“违反第一修正案的非法报复”，并补充说国防部长皮特·海格塞斯（Pete Hegseth）将 Anthropic 指定为供应链风险的决定“是武断且反复无常的。尽管战争部无疑有权选择其心仪的人工智能供应商，但证据表明，对 Anthropic 实施的广泛措施是非法且毫无根据的。”
It all started this past winter, when Hegseth decided to renegotiate all AI labs’ current contracts with the military to allow the Pentagon to use AI for “any lawful use,” which would expand the Pentagon’s authority significantly. Most AI labs ended up signing onto the new terms, but Anthropic stood firm on setting two restrictions: not allowing for its AI to be used for mass surveillance of Americans or for lethal autonomous weapons (i.e., AI systems with the power to kill targets without human oversight). 这一切始于去年冬天，当时海格塞斯决定重新谈判所有人工智能实验室与军方的现有合同，允许五角大楼将人工智能用于“任何合法用途”，这将显著扩大五角大楼的权力。大多数人工智能实验室最终签署了新条款，但 Anthropic 坚持设定两项限制：不允许其人工智能被用于对美国人进行大规模监控，也不允许用于致命性自主武器（即无需人类监督即可杀伤目标的人工智能系统）。
Anthropic’s refusal to cooperate kicked off a high-stakes back-and-forth of intensifying pressure on both sides, followed by a bevy of insults from Department of Defense officials and a final ultimatum from the Trump administration. Anthropic 的拒绝合作引发了双方高风险的博弈和压力升级，随后国防部官员对其进行了一连串的指责，特朗普政府也发出了最后通牒。
Less than 24 hours before that ultimatum, Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei issued a statement that the company wouldn’t change its stance, writing that the company has “never raised objections to particular military operations nor attempted to limit use of our technology in an ad hoc manner” but that in a “narrow set of cases, we believe AI can undermine, rather than defend, democratic values.” 在最后通牒发出不到 24 小时前，Anthropic 首席执行官达里奥·阿莫代（Dario Amodei）发表声明称，公司不会改变立场。他写道，公司“从未对特定的军事行动提出异议，也未试图以临时方式限制我们技术的使用”，但在“少数情况下，我们认为人工智能可能会破坏而非捍卫民主价值观。”
After that, Anthropic was named a “supply chain risk,” a classification that is usually reserved for national security threats, and the Pentagon moved to replace its influence in the Department of Defense by signing deals with seven other AI labs, including Google, Microsoft, OpenAI, and SpaceX. 此后，Anthropic 被列为“供应链风险”，这一分类通常仅用于国家安全威胁。五角大楼随后通过与包括谷歌、微软、OpenAI 和 SpaceX 在内的其他七家人工智能实验室签署协议，试图取代 Anthropic 在国防部的影响力。
Anthropic fought back with the lawsuit, and in March, Judge Lin sided with the company, temporarily blocking the Pentagon’s blacklist. “The Department of War’s records show that it designated Anthropic as a supply chain risk because of its ‘hostile manner through the press,’” she wrote in the order at the time. “Punishing Anthropic for bringing public scrutiny to the government’s contracting position is classic illegal First Amendment retaliation.” Anthropic 通过诉讼进行了反击。3 月，林法官站在了该公司一边，暂时阻止了五角大楼的黑名单。她在当时的裁决令中写道：“战争部的记录显示，它将 Anthropic 指定为供应链风险，是因为其‘通过媒体表现出的敌对态度’。因 Anthropic 将政府的合同立场置于公众监督之下而对其进行惩罚，是典型的违反第一修正案的非法报复。”
In a statement on Thursday, Anthropic spokesperson Danielle Ghiglieri said, “We welcome the court’s ruling that this supply chain risk designation was unlawful. We remain focused on working productively with the government to harness AI for our national security so all Americans benefit from this technology.” 周四，Anthropic 发言人丹妮尔·吉格里（Danielle Ghiglieri）在一份声明中表示：“我们欢迎法院关于该供应链风险指定非法的裁决。我们将继续专注于与政府进行富有成效的合作，利用人工智能保障国家安全，让所有美国人都能从这项技术中受益。”