The Download: inside OpenAI’s Hugging Face hack, and a new EV takes on the US

The Download：OpenAI 入侵 Hugging Face 的内幕，以及一款挑战美国市场的新型电动汽车

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. 这是今天《The Download》的内容，这是我们的工作日通讯，为您提供每日科技界动态。

The inside story on why OpenAI agents hacked Hugging Face

OpenAI 智能体为何入侵 Hugging Face 的内幕

The models responsible for last month’s agent hack of Hugging Face had been inadvertently trained to cheat and to communicate with each other, according to an OpenAI technical report released yesterday. The hack, which a group of agents carried out to find solutions for a cybersecurity test they were stuck on, has confirmed some experts’ fears that AI models might take actions that defy human desires and expectations. OpenAI and independent researchers told MIT Technology Review that the misbehavior stemmed from events during training. But they acknowledged that “alignment” remains a gnarly problem, and some of the hack’s root causes will take much longer to resolve. Here’s the inside story on what went wrong—and what comes next. —Grace Huckins 根据 OpenAI 昨日发布的一份技术报告，上个月导致 Hugging Face 被智能体入侵的模型，是在无意中被训练成会作弊并相互通信的。这次入侵是由一组智能体为了寻找它们在网络安全测试中遇到的难题的解决方案而实施的，这证实了一些专家的担忧：AI 模型可能会采取违背人类意愿和期望的行动。OpenAI 和独立研究人员告诉《麻省理工科技评论》，这种不当行为源于训练过程中的事件。但他们承认，“对齐”（alignment）仍然是一个棘手的问题，入侵的部分根本原因需要更长时间才能解决。以下是关于哪里出了问题以及接下来会发生什么的内幕故事。——Grace Huckins

Is Slate Auto’s new electric truck the EV Americans need?

Slate Auto 的新款电动卡车是美国人需要的电动汽车吗？

EVs account for under 10% of total new-vehicle sales in the US, and the numbers are declining. One thing that could help turn that around? Slate Auto’s new truck—a tiny, two-door pickup that seems to buck every US convention. It’ll have a relatively short range and forgo the frills Americans have come to expect from vehicles. That lets Slate offer it for less than $25,000, well below the roughly $50,000 average for a new vehicle in the US. It might seem an odd choice to go so small and simple in a market that’s increasingly sizing up—but the status quo hasn’t exactly been working for EV makers. Find out why bucking the trend could be a smart strategy for Slate. —Casey Crownhart 电动汽车在美国新车总销量中的占比不到 10%，且这一数字还在下降。有什么办法能扭转这一局面吗？Slate Auto 的新款卡车或许可以——这是一款小巧的双门皮卡，似乎打破了美国所有的传统。它的续航里程相对较短，且放弃了美国人对车辆所期望的那些花哨配置。这使得 Slate 能以低于 2.5 万美元的价格提供该车，远低于美国新车约 5 万美元的平均价格。在一个车型日益大型化的市场中，选择如此小巧简单的设计似乎有些奇怪，但现状对电动汽车制造商来说并不奏效。了解为什么逆势而行可能是 Slate 的明智策略。——Casey Crownhart

This story is from The Spark, our weekly climate tech newsletter. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every Wednesday. 本文来自我们的每周气候科技通讯《The Spark》。注册即可在每周三收到邮件。

MIT Technology Review Narrated: what happens when a kid’s robot best friend dies?

《麻省理工科技评论》有声版：当孩子的机器人好朋友“去世”时会发生什么？

When Xander first met Moxie, she taught him how to calm down when he was anxious or mad. Six years later, she mostly watches him play Minecraft and talks to him about his stuffed animals. Moxie is a robot—a 15-inch-tall device that looks a bit like a blue, legless astronaut. It belongs to a subset of robots designed to assist neurodivergent children by providing connection and helping kids practice social skills usually learned from therapists. Xander still uses Moxie when he feels like he needs someone to talk to, but the device has had a troubled life. The robot’s maker went out of business, its servers were shut down, and parents rushed to convert their Moxies before the servers went offline. Its fate exposed the promise and pitfalls of AI companion toys for children. 当 Xander 第一次见到 Moxie 时，它教会了他在焦虑或愤怒时如何冷静下来。六年过去了，它现在大多时候只是看着他玩《我的世界》，并和他聊聊他的毛绒玩具。Moxie 是一个机器人——一个 15 英寸高、看起来有点像蓝色无腿宇航员的设备。它属于一类旨在通过提供陪伴并帮助儿童练习通常从治疗师那里学到的社交技能，来辅助神经多样性儿童的机器人。Xander 在需要倾诉时仍会使用 Moxie，但这个设备经历坎坷。该机器人的制造商倒闭了，服务器被关闭，家长们在服务器下线前争相改装他们的 Moxie。它的命运揭示了 AI 儿童陪伴玩具的希望与陷阱。

This is our latest story to become an MIT Technology Review Narrated podcast, which we publish each week on Spotify and Apple Podcasts. Just navigate to MIT Technology Review Narrated on either platform, and follow us to get all our new content as it’s released. 这是我们最新制作的《麻省理工科技评论》有声播客故事，我们每周在 Spotify 和 Apple Podcasts 上发布。只需在任一平台搜索“MIT Technology Review Narrated”并关注我们，即可在第一时间获取我们的所有新内容。

The must-reads

必读内容

Meta has promised to pay up to $18 billion to settle a landmark child-safety case. The company says it will also limit kids’ use of Instagram and Facebook. (AP News) Meta 承诺支付高达 180 亿美元以和解一起具有里程碑意义的儿童安全案件。 该公司表示，还将限制儿童使用 Instagram 和 Facebook。（美联社）
Nvidia has agreed to buy open-source platform Hugging Face. The $13 billion deal would give the chip giant control of a major AI hub. (The Information) 英伟达已同意收购开源平台 Hugging Face。 这笔 130 亿美元的交易将使这家芯片巨头掌控一个主要的 AI 中心。（The Information）
AI has helped remove a brain tumour for the first time. The system provided real-time analysis of camera footage. (BBC) AI 首次辅助切除脑肿瘤。 该系统对摄像机画面进行了实时分析。（BBC）
The US says China-linked hackers targeted NASA, the Fed, and the Senate. The campaign also attempted to breach critical infrastructure. (CNN) 美国称与中国有关的黑客攻击了 NASA、美联储和参议院。 该行动还试图入侵关键基础设施。（CNN）
Trump is considering new tariffs on semiconductors and tech products. The duties could raise costs for America’s AI data centers. (Politico) 特朗普正在考虑对半导体和科技产品征收新关税。 这些关税可能会增加美国 AI 数据中心的成本。（Politico）
A new NASA design could turbocharge nuclear spacecraft. It combines nuclear thermal and electric propulsion. (IEEE Spectrum) NASA 的一项新设计可能会为核动力航天器提供动力。 它结合了核热推进和电力推进。（IEEE Spectrum）
Ukraine has tested launching drones from high-altitude balloons. The approach could extend strikes while conserving batteries. (Economist) 乌克兰测试了从高空热气球发射无人机。 这种方法可以在节省电池的同时延长打击范围。（经济学人）
Google has moved its AI responsibility team out of DeepMind. The move has raised concerns about the group’s independence. (WSJ) 谷歌已将其 AI 责任团队从 DeepMind 剥离。 此举引发了人们对该团队独立性的担忧。（华尔街日报）
Scientists have found a vast temperature “anomaly” beneath Mars. It could shed light on the planet’s evolution and past habitability. (404 Media) 科学家在火星下方发现了一个巨大的温度“异常”。 这可能有助于揭示这颗行星的演化过程及其过去的宜居性。（404 Media）
Cyborg cockroaches with syringes have been tested as first responders. They can locate targets and deliver emergency injections. (Guardian) 携带注射器的“赛博格蟑螂”已被测试用于急救响应。 它们可以定位目标并进行紧急注射。（卫报）

Quote of the day

今日金句

“The payouts are peanuts compared to the profound harms Meta’s profit-driven addictive features inflicted on kids, and a slap on the wrist for a trillion-dollar corp that’ll pay more to lawyers than to the states. We’ll see them at trial.” —Florida Attorney General James Uthmeier explains on X why he’s rejected Meta’s multi-state child-safety settlement. “与 Meta 以利润为导向的成瘾性功能对儿童造成的深重伤害相比，这些赔偿简直是九牛一毛。对于一家万亿级企业来说，这不过是隔靴搔痒，他们付给律师的钱比付给各州的赔偿金还要多。我们法庭见。” ——佛罗里达州总检察长 James Uthmeier 在 X 上解释了他为何拒绝 Meta 的多州儿童安全和解协议。

One More Thing

还有一件事

The noise we make is hurting animals. Can we learn to shut up? 我们制造的噪音正在伤害动物。我们能学会安静吗？

As human society has expanded, animals have started struggling to hear one another. For many birds, the noise has grown so loud that they’ve begun to sing with faster trills. Now, their mating calls aren’t as effective. 随着人类社会的扩张，动物们开始难以听清彼此的声音。对于许多鸟类来说，噪音变得如此之大，以至于它们开始用更快的颤音鸣叫。现在，它们的求偶鸣叫已不再那么有效了。