A Judge Has Blocked the Pentagon’s Attempt to Blacklist Anthropic
A Judge Has Blocked the Pentagon’s Attempt to Blacklist Anthropic
法官阻止了五角大楼将 Anthropic 列入黑名单的企图
A federal judge on Thursday barred the Trump administration from designating Anthropic a national security risk over a dispute about the use of its AI models, ruling that the designation amounted to unconstitutional retaliation. 周四，一位联邦法官阻止了特朗普政府因人工智能模型使用争议而将 Anthropic 列为国家安全风险的行为，裁定该认定构成违宪报复。
The decision handed down by US district judge Rita Lin in California vacated the February 27 decision by defense secretary Pete Hegseth to label Anthropic a “supply-chain risk” and make the company ineligible for federal contracts. The ruling also lifted an additional punitive measure by Hegseth that prevented contractors or suppliers to the US military from doing business with Anthropic, a position Lin called “arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, and otherwise not in accordance with law.” 加州联邦地区法官丽塔·林（Rita Lin）作出的这项裁决，撤销了国防部长皮特·海格塞斯（Pete Hegseth）于 2 月 27 日做出的决定，该决定将 Anthropic 标记为“供应链风险”，并使该公司失去了获得联邦合同的资格。裁决还取消了海格塞斯采取的一项额外惩罚措施，即禁止美国军方的承包商或供应商与 Anthropic 进行业务往来。林法官称这一立场是“武断的、反复无常的、滥用自由裁量权的，且不符合法律规定”。
“Though the Department of War is undisputedly free to select the AI vendor of its choice, the evidence demonstrates that the broad measures imposed on Anthropic were illegal and baseless,” Lin wrote in a 59-page ruling. “尽管国防部无疑有权选择其心仪的 AI 供应商，但证据表明，对 Anthropic 实施的广泛限制措施是非法且毫无根据的，”林法官在长达 59 页的裁决书中写道。
The judge also ruled that nine agencies—including the Pentagon, the Treasury Department, the State Department, and the Department of Homeland Security—had improperly imposed sanctions on Anthropic. The ruling removes those penalties. 法官还裁定，包括五角大楼、财政部、国务院和国土安全部在内的九个机构对 Anthropic 实施了不当制裁。该裁决取消了这些处罚。
However, Lin affirmed that the Pentagon is not required to use Anthropic’s models, and the ruling does not prevent the Pentagon from electing to simply use other models. A Pentagon spokesperson could not immediately be reached for comment, but the department is expected to appeal. 然而，林法官确认五角大楼无需使用 Anthropic 的模型，该裁决也不妨碍五角大楼选择使用其他模型。目前无法立即联系到五角大楼发言人置评，但预计该部门将会上诉。
In a statement, Anthropic spokesperson Danielle Cohen said, “We welcome the court’s ruling that this supply-chain risk designation was unlawful. We remain focused on working productively with the government to harness AI for our national security.” Anthropic 发言人丹妮尔·科恩（Danielle Cohen）在一份声明中表示：“我们欢迎法院关于供应链风险认定违法的裁决。我们将继续专注于与政府进行富有成效的合作，利用人工智能来保障我们的国家安全。”
The case stems from a bitter dispute earlier this year between the Pentagon and Anthropic over a $200 million deal to use the AI lab’s Claude models for military applications. 此案源于今年早些时候五角大楼与 Anthropic 之间的一场激烈争端，涉及一份价值 2 亿美元的合同，旨在将该 AI 实验室的 Claude 模型用于军事应用。
The rift began after reports that the US had used Claude in the operation to capture Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro. After the operation, a Palantir employee relayed concerns from an Anthropic staffer to US officials about how its models had been used. 裂痕始于有报道称美国在抓捕委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗（Nicolás Maduro）的行动中使用了 Claude 模型。行动结束后，一名 Palantir 员工向美国官员转达了 Anthropic 员工对其模型使用方式的担忧。
In negotiations, Anthropic insisted on certain limits on how its models could be deployed, including support for lethal autonomous weapons and mass surveillance systems. But Hegseth rejected any curbs, contending that a contractor could not dictate how the technology could be used once deployed and insisting the contract allowed “all lawful use.” 在谈判中，Anthropic 坚持对其模型的部署方式设定某些限制，包括涉及致命性自主武器和大规模监控系统的支持。但海格塞斯拒绝了任何限制，辩称承包商不能在技术部署后对其使用方式指手画脚，并坚持认为合同允许“所有合法使用”。
After negotiations broke down in February, Hegseth was widely seen as punishing Anthropic by designating it a “supply-chain risk,” a national security tool that blacklisted the company from doing business with the federal government. 在 2 月份谈判破裂后，海格塞斯被普遍认为是通过将 Anthropic 指定为“供应链风险”来惩罚该公司，这是一种将该公司列入联邦政府业务黑名单的国家安全工具。
The Pentagon said at the time that the supply-chain risk label was appropriate, because giving Anthropic access to any classified systems would “introduce unacceptable risk” if the AI lab could disable or alter its technology, for instance, at a time of war. 五角大楼当时表示，供应链风险标签是恰当的，因为如果 Anthropic 能够禁用或篡改其技术（例如在战争时期），那么让其访问任何机密系统都将“引入不可接受的风险”。
Anthropic filed two lawsuits in response—one in federal district court in California and one at the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia—accusing the Pentagon of violating its First and Fifth Amendment protections on ideological grounds. The DC case is ongoing. 作为回应，Anthropic 提起了两起诉讼——一起在加州联邦地区法院，另一起在美国哥伦比亚特区巡回上诉法院——指控五角大楼基于意识形态理由侵犯了其第一修正案和第五修正案的保护权利。华盛顿特区的案件仍在审理中。
Anthropic’s top AI models are considered some of the best in the world. Separate from the supply chain risk designation, Anthropic’s models recently became subject to the Trump administration’s AI oversight framework due to their powerful capabilities. Anthropic 的顶级 AI 模型被认为是世界上最优秀的产品之一。除了供应链风险认定之外，由于其强大的功能，Anthropic 的模型最近也被纳入了特朗普政府的 AI 监管框架。
Lin cited the administration’s involvement in reviewing advanced Anthropic models as part of her ruling. “Even now, the government is discussing collaboration with Anthropic on its new model, Mythos, in an array of sensitive contexts,” she wrote. “None of that is consistent with a genuine fear that Anthropic is a saboteur who would poison its software to harm national security.” 林法官在裁决中提到了政府参与审查 Anthropic 先进模型的行为。“即使在现在，政府仍在与 Anthropic 讨论在其新模型 Mythos 上进行一系列敏感背景下的合作，”她写道。“这些行为与‘Anthropic 是会通过破坏软件来危害国家安全的蓄意破坏者’这种担忧完全不符。”