No little kids allowed, and other new info about Tesla’s Cybercab
No little kids allowed, and other new info about Tesla’s Cybercab
禁止幼童乘坐及关于特斯拉 Cybercab 的其他新信息
Tesla’s private Cybercab event has come and gone, and it was very different from the large, loud, livestreamed events the company usually puts on — an odd choice for the launch of a product CEO Elon Musk has spent years building toward. In fact, it doesn’t even appear that Musk spoke at the event, the keynote of which, by all accounts, only lasted around 15 minutes. 特斯拉私下的 Cybercab 发布会已经结束，这与该公司通常举办的大型、喧闹且进行直播的活动截然不同——对于首席执行官埃隆·马斯克花费数年时间打造的产品发布而言，这是一个奇怪的选择。事实上，马斯克似乎甚至没有在活动上发言，据各方报道，此次主题演讲仅持续了约 15 分钟。
The promise of the Cybercab is massive: a fully autonomous vehicle that uses only cameras and AI to drive itself, all for much less than a Waymo. But Tesla scattered a lot of the details. Some are in PDFs the company released on Thursday, as well as in updated terms of service in its “Robotaxi” app. The rest were left for a select few die-hard fans to disseminate online. The company now has to prove that these vehicles are safe — to the public, to local governments, and to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which has already opened an investigation into Tesla’s Cybercab rollout. In the meantime, here are some of the most interesting new details that caught our attention: Cybercab 的愿景非常宏大：这是一款仅依靠摄像头和人工智能实现自动驾驶的完全自动驾驶汽车，且成本远低于 Waymo。但特斯拉将许多细节分散在各处。部分信息包含在公司周四发布的 PDF 文件中，以及其“Robotaxi”应用程序更新的服务条款里。其余细节则留给少数铁杆粉丝在网上进行传播。现在，该公司必须向公众、地方政府以及美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）证明这些车辆的安全性，而 NHTSA 已经对特斯拉 Cybercab 的部署展开了调查。在此期间，以下是我们注意到的一些最有趣的新细节：
No Cybercab for kiddos
禁止幼童乘坐 Cybercab
One of the more interesting details in the Cybercab fine print is that Tesla does not allow minors under the age of 13 to ride in the vehicle “at this time.” Minors between the ages of 8 and 17 are allowed to ride in Tesla’s “Robotaxi” Model Y SUVs, and Tesla does have guidelines on how to use child seats in both vehicles. Curiously, the Cybercab does not have the standard LATCH anchors for child seats. Instead, they can only be attached using the seat belt. Tesla executives, including Musk, have talked a lot about how much they focus on taking out unnecessary parts to cut down on costs, though I’ll admit I wasn’t expecting the company to ditch child seat anchors — especially given Musk’s obsession with making more babies. All children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult in both vehicles, according to Tesla. But something is making Tesla hesitate on allowing young children in the Cybercab for now. Cybercab 细则中一个比较有趣的细节是，特斯拉“目前”不允许 13 岁以下的未成年人乘坐该车辆。8 至 17 岁的未成年人可以乘坐特斯拉的“Robotaxi”Model Y SUV，且特斯拉针对这两种车型如何使用儿童座椅都有相应的指导方针。奇怪的是，Cybercab 没有配备标准的儿童座椅 LATCH 接口，只能通过安全带固定。包括马斯克在内的特斯拉高管曾多次表示，他们非常注重精简不必要的部件以降低成本，但我承认我没想到公司会放弃儿童座椅接口——尤其是考虑到马斯克对“多生孩子”的执着。根据特斯拉的规定，18 岁以下的所有儿童在乘坐这两种车辆时都必须有成人陪同。但显然有什么原因让特斯拉目前对允许幼童乘坐 Cybercab 持保留态度。
What happens in a crash?
发生碰撞时会怎样？
While the goal of an autonomous vehicle is to avoid crashing, even the most capable ones on the road today do wind up in collisions. Here’s what happens when the Cybercab gets in a crash: The airbags will inflate, the doors will unlock, the hazard warning lights and interior lights will turn on, the high voltage battery is disabled, the windows go to the “vent” position, the Cybercab will apply the brakes to come to a stop and park, and the infotainment system will start up a two-way connection with Tesla’s rider support team. Unlocking the doors is notable because Tesla has come under fire for its reliance on electronic door latches, both in its home market of the United States and in its largest market, China. Just last month, Tesla agreed to recall 3 million cars in China, alongside a number of other automakers, as a result of an investigation into electronic door latches that could trap people following a crash. 虽然自动驾驶汽车的目标是避免碰撞，但即使是当今路上最先进的车辆也难免发生事故。以下是 Cybercab 发生碰撞时的应对流程：安全气囊会弹出，车门会自动解锁，危险警告灯和车内灯会亮起，高压电池会被禁用，车窗会降至“通风”位置，Cybercab 会自动刹车并停靠，信息娱乐系统将启动与特斯拉乘客支持团队的双向连接。车门解锁这一点值得注意，因为特斯拉对其电子门锁的依赖一直备受诟病，无论是在其本土市场美国，还是在其最大的市场中国。就在上个月，由于对碰撞后可能导致人员被困的电子门锁展开调查，特斯拉与多家汽车制造商一起同意在中国召回 300 万辆汽车。
Manual door releases
手动开门装置
Speaking of doors, another recent criticism of Tesla is that its interior manual door releases are too hard to find in an emergency. These are necessary because the electronic door latches are the main method of getting in and out of the company’s vehicles, activated either by pushing a button or using a smartphone. The Cybercab uses electronic door latches, which allow the doors to open automatically at the start or end of a ride. There is also a small button on the exterior of the car that riders can use to open the doors. But inside, the manual release is thankfully in a very obvious spot on the armrest of each door. 说到车门，特斯拉最近受到的另一个批评是其内部手动开门装置在紧急情况下太难找到。这些装置之所以必要，是因为电子门锁是进出该公司车辆的主要方式，通过按键或智能手机激活。Cybercab 使用电子门锁，允许车门在行程开始或结束时自动打开。车外还有一个小按钮供乘客开门。但值得庆幸的是，车内的手动开门装置位于每个车门扶手上非常显眼的位置。
Brake-by-wire
线控刹车
Tesla is using a brake-by-wire system in the Cybercab, again largely (it seems) for the purposes of cutting costs. Instead of using a hydraulic system that pumps fluid through lines to control brake pressure, Tesla has electronic actuators controlling the brake calipers. “Having electric brakes avoids the complexity of a hydraulic system: no need to rout [sic] plumbing all around the car,” Musk wrote in a post. The company was already the first major automaker to use steer-by-wire on its Cybertruck, severing the physical connection between the steering wheel and the front wheels. 特斯拉在 Cybercab 上使用了线控刹车系统，这似乎在很大程度上也是为了削减成本。特斯拉没有使用通过管路泵送液体来控制刹车压力的液压系统，而是通过电子执行器来控制刹车卡钳。“使用电子刹车避免了液压系统的复杂性：无需在车内铺设管路，”马斯克在一篇帖子中写道。该公司此前已是首家在 Cybertruck 上使用线控转向的主要汽车制造商，切断了方向盘与前轮之间的物理连接。
A little fresh air
一点新鲜空气
For some reason, the windows of the Cybercab “cannot be fully opened at this time.” Tesla doesn’t explain why in the documentation it released this week. 出于某种原因，Cybercab 的车窗“目前无法完全打开”。特斯拉在本周发布的文档中并未解释原因。
USB-C power
USB-C 电源
According to influencer Jeremy Judkins, the USB-C outlets in the Cybercab put out 90W of power — roughly four times more than you’d typically find inside a car. 据网红 Jeremy Judkins 称，Cybercab 中的 USB-C 接口可输出 90W 的功率——大约是普通汽车内常见功率的四倍。