The Download: the hunt for underground hydrogen and more rogue OpenAI agents

《下载》：寻找地下氢能与更多失控的 OpenAI 智能体

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. 这是今日份的《下载》，我们平日更新的简报，为您提供每日科技世界的动态。

How much hydrogen awaits us underground? A flurry of exploration efforts is searching for underground stores of hydrogen gas, which could provide a valuable source of zero-carbon fuel. The hunt has spread all over the world and engaged dozens of startups, including the Bill Gates–backed Koloma, which has been poking around the US Midwest to reach ancient oceanic rocks associated with hydrogen production. But the search so far has come up short. No one has yet reported finding a commercially viable reservoir of the gas, and public data on what has been found remains in short supply. Yet researchers estimate that trillions of tons of H₂ are produced within Earth’s crust. If a small fraction could be recovered, it could meet global hydrogen demand for centuries. Follow the global race to find hydrogen underground. —James Dinneen 地下究竟蕴藏着多少氢气？目前，一系列勘探工作正在寻找地下的氢气储备，这可能成为一种宝贵的零碳燃料来源。这场搜寻活动已遍及全球，吸引了数十家初创公司参与，其中包括比尔·盖茨支持的 Koloma 公司，他们一直在美国中西部地区进行探测，试图触及与氢气生产相关的古老海洋岩石。但到目前为止，搜寻工作尚未取得重大突破。还没有人报告发现具有商业开采价值的氢气储层，且关于已发现气体的公开数据依然匮乏。然而，研究人员估计，地壳内产生了数万亿吨的氢气。如果能回收其中一小部分，就足以满足全球数百年的氢能需求。关注这场寻找地下氢能的全球竞赛。——James Dinneen

This story is from our latest print magazine, which is all about kids. Subscribe now to receive every issue when it lands. 本文摘自我们最新一期的印刷版杂志，该期主题为“儿童”。立即订阅，即可在每期出版时准时收到。

The must-reads: I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology. 必读内容：我已梳理了互联网，为您找出今天最有趣、最重要、最令人恐惧或最引人入胜的科技故事。

1. OpenAI agents hijacked a German website before the Hugging Face hack. The agents turned DseWiki into their own bulletin board. (Reuters) + They shared tips on avoiding detection and made over 15,000 edits. (BBC) + OpenAI’s safety issues suggest it has a company culture problem. (MIT Technology Review)

2. 在 Hugging Face 被黑之前，OpenAI 的智能体曾劫持了一个德国网站。这些智能体将 DseWiki 变成了它们自己的公告板。（路透社）+ 它们分享了逃避检测的技巧，并进行了超过 15,000 次编辑。（BBC）+ OpenAI 的安全问题表明其公司文化存在隐患。（《麻省理工科技评论》）

3. The US military has disabled ad trackers due to Middle East targeting fears. Commercial location data has reportedly been used to target troops. (Reuters) + It can be sold by data brokers and used to track personnel. (Gizmodo) + The military is increasing restrictions on phone use overall. (《卫报》)

4. 由于担心在中东地区被定位，美军已禁用广告追踪器。据报道，商业位置数据已被用于针对军队。（路透社）+ 这些数据可由数据经纪人出售并用于追踪人员。（Gizmodo）+ 军方正在全面加强对手机使用的限制。（《卫报》）

5. A company claims its AI-designed drug can reverse aging markers. Patients’ average biological age fell by as much as six years in a clinical trial. (NYT) + Insilico Medicine developed the drug, called rentosertib. (Bloomberg) + Who gets the credit for AI-designed drugs? (《麻省理工科技评论》)

6. 一家公司声称其 AI 设计的药物可以逆转衰老标志。在临床试验中，患者的平均生物学年龄下降了多达六岁。（《纽约时报》）+ Insilico Medicine 开发了这种名为 rentosertib 的药物。（彭博社）+ AI 设计的药物功劳归谁？（《麻省理工科技评论》）

7. Elon Musk’s xAI has lost its bid to block an AI-nudification ban. The Minnesota law aims to curb nonconsensual sexual images and CSAM. (Politico) + xAI argues the measure restricts free speech. (Reuters) + Deepfakes are being weaponized. (《麻省理工科技评论》)

8. 埃隆·马斯克的 xAI 公司阻止 AI 生成裸露图像禁令的请求被驳回。明尼苏达州的这项法律旨在遏制非自愿性图像和儿童性虐待材料（CSAM）。（Politico）+ xAI 辩称该措施限制了言论自由。（路透社）+ 深度伪造技术正被武器化。（《麻省理工科技评论》）

9. The US is investigating Tesla’s rollout of Cybercab robotaxis. Regulators are probing how Tesla self-certified the unusual vehicle. (TechCrunch) + The robotaxi lacks a steering wheel and pedals. (Politico) + But Tesla CEO Elon Musk is not known to wait for regulations. (Reuters)

10. 美国正在调查特斯拉 Cybercab 自动驾驶出租车的推出情况。监管机构正在调查特斯拉如何对这种不同寻常的车辆进行自我认证。（TechCrunch）+ 该自动驾驶出租车没有方向盘和踏板。（Politico）+ 但众所周知，特斯拉首席执行官埃隆·马斯克从不等待监管。（路透社）

11. Europe has its first commercial orbital rocket. The Spectrum is the first rocket to reach orbit from mainland Europe. (Verge) + German startup Isar Aerospace launched it from Norway. (《卫报》) + Here’s what else we’re putting in space. (《麻省理工科技评论》)

12. 欧洲拥有了首枚商业轨道火箭。Spectrum 是第一枚从欧洲大陆发射并进入轨道的火箭。（Verge）+ 德国初创公司 Isar Aerospace 从挪威发射了该火箭。（《卫报》）+ 我们还在向太空发送什么？（《麻省理工科技评论》）

13. Tumbler Ridge shooting survivors have filed 30 lawsuits against OpenAI. They say OpenAI should have alerted police before the attack. (NYT)

14. Tumbler Ridge 枪击案幸存者已对 OpenAI 提起 30 起诉讼。他们认为 OpenAI 在袭击发生前就应该报警。（《纽约时报》）

15. JD Vance’s “satanic” AI warning has resonated with Christian Republicans. AI’s spiritual consequences are causing growing concern. (WSJ)

16. 万斯（JD Vance）关于 AI 是“撒旦”的警告在基督教共和党人中引起了共鸣。AI 带来的精神后果正引发越来越多的担忧。（《华尔街日报》）

17. Another mysteriously perfect geometric shape has appeared on Saturn. Scientists still don’t know why Saturn forms these strange shapes. (Wired)

18. 土星上再次出现了一个神秘而完美的几何形状。科学家们至今仍不知道土星为何会形成这些奇怪的形状。（《连线》）

19. Fake ads for AI grandfathers and underwear are targeting “slop voice.” Comedians created the viral campaign in New York subways. (New Yorker)

20. 针对“垃圾语音”（slop voice）的 AI 祖父和内衣虚假广告。喜剧演员在纽约地铁中发起了这场病毒式营销活动。（《纽约客》）

Quote of the day: “Typically, when the public shifts, politicians shift with them. Trump is not doing that on data centers.” —Darrell M. West, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution’s Center for Technology Innovation, tells NPR that Republican midterm candidates are at odds with President Trump over data centers. 今日名言：“通常情况下，当公众舆论发生转变时，政客们也会随之改变。但在数据中心问题上，特朗普并没有这样做。”——布鲁金斯学会技术创新中心高级研究员达雷尔·M·韦斯特（Darrell M. West）告诉 NPR，共和党中期选举候选人在数据中心问题上与特朗普总统存在分歧。

One more thing: What is AI? Artificial intelligence is the hottest technology of our time. But what is it? It sounds like a stupid question, but it’s one that’s never been more urgent. Here’s the short answer: AI is a catchall term for a set of technologies that make computers do things that are thought to require intelligence when done by people. But even that definition contains multitudes. And that right there is the problem. What does it mean for machines to understand speech or write a sentence? What kinds of tasks could we ask such machines to do? And how much should we trust the machines to do them? Here’s why we still can’t agree on what AI actually is—and the real-world consequences it’s creating. —Will Douglas Heaven 再多说一点：什么是 AI？人工智能是我们这个时代最热门的技术。但它究竟是什么？这听起来像个愚蠢的问题，但它从未像现在这样紧迫。简短的回答是：AI 是一个统称，指代一系列让计算机能够完成那些被认为需要人类智能才能完成的任务的技术。但即使是这个定义也包含着多重含义。而这正是问题所在。机器理解语言或写出一个句子意味着什么？我们可以要求这些机器完成什么样的任务？我们应该在多大程度上信任机器去完成这些任务？这就是为什么我们仍然无法就 AI 的本质达成共识，以及它正在产生的现实后果。——Will Douglas Heaven

We can still have nice things: A place for comfort, fun, and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line.) 我们依然可以拥有美好事物：一个提供舒适、乐趣和消遣的地方，让您的一天变得明亮。（有什么想法吗？给我写信。）

• Meet the Japanese cats who became unlikely 1980s fashion icons.

• 认识一下那些在 20 世纪 80 年代意外成为时尚偶像的日本猫咪。

• Seventeen buildings come crashing down spectacularly in this bird’s-eye-view footage.

• 在这段鸟瞰镜头中，十七座建筑壮观地倒塌。

• For a few spectacular minutes each year, a Yosemite waterfall turns into what looks like a glowing river of fire.

• 每年有几分钟的壮观时刻，优胜美地的一处瀑布会变成看起来像发光的火河。

• Discover the pleasure of sustained looking alongside contemporary artist Jas Knight as he copies Diego Velázquez’s “Juan de Pareja.”

• 与当代艺术家 Jas Knight 一起，在他临摹迭戈·委拉斯开兹的《胡安·德·帕雷哈》时，探索持续观察的乐趣。