Artemis II commander and pilot become NASA’s first astronaut emeriti

阿耳忒弥斯二号指令长与飞行员成为 NASA 首批荣誉宇航员

The commander and pilot of NASA’s Artemis II mission have gained a new distinction five months after splashing down from the Moon: They’re not fully retiring from the space agency. 在阿耳忒弥斯二号（Artemis II）任务溅落返回地球五个月后，该任务的指令长与飞行员获得了一项新的殊荣：他们并没有完全从航天局退休。

Reid Wiseman and Victor Glover are the first astronauts to join NASA’s emeritus program, enabling them to continue to support the work being done at Johnson Space Center in Houston. They will remain available to train and mentor the current workforce while still being able to pursue employment and opportunities outside of NASA. 里德·怀斯曼（Reid Wiseman）和维克多·格洛弗（Victor Glover）成为了首批加入 NASA 荣誉计划（emeritus program）的宇航员，这使他们能够继续支持休斯顿约翰逊航天中心的工作。他们将继续负责培训和指导现有的工作人员，同时也有机会在 NASA 之外寻求工作和发展机会。

“I have asked NASA … to not use the term ‘retire’ as much, but technically emeritus is a retirement program,” Glover told collectSPACE.com on Wednesday. “It’s something we have typically done for scientists when they have groundbreaking research, and they want to go back to academia to teach or to research and publish.” “我曾要求 NASA……尽量少用‘退休’这个词，但从技术上讲，荣誉计划确实属于一种退休项目，”格洛弗周三对 collectSPACE.com 表示。“这通常是我们为那些拥有开创性研究成果、并希望回到学术界进行教学、研究或发表论文的科学家所设立的。”

Glover has accepted a full-time administrative leadership position at his alma mater, California Polytechnic State University (Cal Poly) in San Luis Obispo, helping shape the school’s long-term strategies. Concurrently, he has committed to NASA to be available to convey his knowledge of the Orion spacecraft and its systems, among other expertise, to future Artemis missions. 格洛弗已接受其母校——位于圣路易斯奥比斯波的加州理工州立大学（Cal Poly）的全职行政领导职位，协助制定学校的长期战略。与此同时，他向 NASA 承诺，将随时准备为未来的阿耳忒弥斯任务传授他关于猎户座（Orion）飞船及其系统等方面的专业知识。

“You can be paid or you can be a gratis service, which is compensation waived, and that’s what I’m doing,” Glover said. “So I’m not going to be paid for it, but I’ll be able to voluntarily be an advisor or a consultant providing insight into what living in Orion is like.” “你可以选择有偿服务，也可以选择无偿服务，即放弃报酬，而我选择的就是后者，”格洛弗说。“所以我不会因此获得报酬，但我能够以志愿者的身份担任顾问，提供关于在猎户座飞船中生活体验的见解。”

Artemis II commander Reid Wiseman (at left) hands off the baton to Artemis III commander Randy Bresnik as their crewmates look on at the Johnson Space Center in Houston on June 9, 2026. Credit: NASA 2026年6月9日，在休斯顿约翰逊航天中心，阿耳忒弥斯二号指令长里德·怀斯曼（左）将接力棒移交给阿耳忒弥斯三号指令长兰迪·布雷斯尼克（Randy Bresnik），其他机组成员在旁见证。图片来源：NASA

Glover will be issued an access badge and plans to be present at the training simulation runs and hopes to be a part of establishing a new initiative, the United States Space Academy, serving NASA and the US Space Force. “I want to work on that as they start building its foundation because that signals exactly what I care about: building the future of the technical workforce leaders,” he said. “So this is really amazing timing.” 格洛弗将获得通行证，并计划出席训练模拟演习。他希望参与建立一项服务于 NASA 和美国太空军的新倡议——美国太空学院（United States Space Academy）。“我想在他们开始打基础时就参与其中，因为这正是我所关心的：培养未来技术人才的领导者，”他说。“所以这个时机真的非常棒。”

According to NASA, Wiseman also plans to use his emeritus status to continue sharing his spaceflight experience with his now-former colleagues ahead of the Artemis III mission, targeted for no earlier than mid-2027. The Artemis III crew will test Orion’s rendezvous and docking capabilities with commercial human landing systems in low-Earth orbit. 据 NASA 称，怀斯曼也计划利用其荣誉身份，在阿耳忒弥斯三号任务（目标不早于 2027 年年中）之前，继续与他现在的同事们分享他的航天飞行经验。阿耳忒弥斯三号机组人员将在近地轨道测试猎户座飞船与商业载人着陆系统的交会对接能力。

Space between active and former

现役与退役之间的空间

Historically, when astronauts wanted to join private industry, run for public office, or return to military service, they retired from NASA. If they wanted to remain at the space agency but were no longer eligible for a flight assignment, either temporarily or permanently, they were categorized as management astronauts. 从历史上看，当宇航员想要加入私营企业、竞选公职或重返军队服役时，他们通常会从 NASA 退休。如果他们想留在航天局但不再符合飞行任务资格（无论是暂时还是永久），他们会被归类为管理型宇航员。

There have been other exceptions, though. Mercury astronaut Scott Carpenter took a leave from NASA to briefly become an aquanaut. From August to September 1965, he lived on the ocean floor in the Navy’s SEALAB II. He then returned to the space agency, though due in part to an arm injury he sustained while away, he worked in management positions until he resigned in 1967. 不过，也有其他例外情况。水星计划宇航员斯科特·卡彭特（Scott Carpenter）曾向 NASA 请假，短暂成为了一名“水下宇航员”。1965 年 8 月至 9 月，他在海军的“海豹二号”（SEALAB II）实验室中生活在海底。随后他回到了航天局，但由于在离开期间手臂受伤，他一直担任管理职务，直到 1967 年辞职。

Edward Gibson, who flew on the third and last Skylab mission in 1974, resigned from NASA after returning to Earth. Three years later, he returned to the astronaut office as chief of the scientist-astronaut candidates. He had hoped to fly another mission, but ultimately retired from the agency again in 1982. 1974 年执行了第三次也是最后一次天空实验室（Skylab）任务的爱德华·吉布森（Edward Gibson），在返回地球后从 NASA 辞职。三年后，他回到宇航员办公室担任科学家宇航员候选人主管。他曾希望再次执行飞行任务，但最终在 1982 年再次从航天局退休。

Similarly, Tony England was selected as a scientist-astronaut in 1967, but left five years later due to the lack of available flight assignments. England returned as a mission specialist in 1979 and flew on STS-51F, a 1985 Spacelab mission aboard the space shuttle Challenger. He retired from NASA for the second time in 1988. 同样，托尼·英格兰（Tony England）于 1967 年入选科学家宇航员，但五年后因缺乏飞行任务而离开。英格兰于 1979 年以任务专家的身份回归，并于 1985 年乘坐挑战者号航天飞机执行了 STS-51F 空间实验室任务。他于 1988 年第二次从 NASA 退休。

Anna Lee Fisher, one of NASA’s first six female astronauts and the first mother to fly in space, took an extended leave from 1989 to 1995 to raise her family. The leave was decided on a year-to-year basis. Like Carpenter, Fisher did not fly into space again after her return, but oversaw the design and development of hardware for the International Space Station and Orion spacecraft before retiring in 2017. 安娜·李·费舍尔（Anna Lee Fisher）是 NASA 首批六位女性宇航员之一，也是第一位进入太空的母亲。她在 1989 年至 1995 年间休了长假以照顾家庭，假期按年审批。与卡彭特一样，费舍尔在回归后没有再次进入太空，但在 2017 年退休前，她负责监督了国际空间站和猎户座飞船硬件的设计与开发。

Other astronauts, such as Sally Ride and Neil Armstrong, continued to serve the space agency long after their retirement by volunteering their time on blue-ribbon committees that investigated the loss of two space shuttles and studied the direction of the space program. 其他宇航员，如萨莉·赖德（Sally Ride）和尼尔·阿姆斯特朗（Neil Armstrong），在退休后很长一段时间里仍通过志愿服务继续为航天局效力，他们参与了调查两起航天飞机失事事故的蓝带委员会，并为航天计划的发展方向提供研究建议。

Artemis II commander Reid Wiseman and pilot Victor Glover have hung up spacesuits but as emeriti, not their access to remain active in training and advising moon-bound crews. Credit: NASA/Joel Kowsky 阿耳忒弥斯二号指令长里德·怀斯曼和飞行员维克多·格洛弗虽然脱下了宇航服，但作为荣誉宇航员，他们并未失去继续参与训练和指导登月机组人员的权限。图片来源：NASA/Joel Kowsky

What separates what Wiseman and Glover are doing from what other astronauts have done is the formality of the service. “Being an astronaut is already a lifelong commitment, and when you’re a former [astronaut] you’re always one of us, always a part of this small community of people who have flown off the planet, but this is a new way for us to continue to execute that lifelong commitment,” said Glover. 怀斯曼和格洛弗所做的事情与以往宇航员的不同之处在于服务的正式性。“成为一名宇航员本身就是终身的承诺，当你成为前宇航员时，你依然是我们的一员，依然是这个曾飞离地球的小群体的一部分，但这为我们提供了一种新的方式来继续履行这一终身承诺，”格洛弗说。

Glover and Wiseman will need to reapply for emeritus status for every year they want to remain in service. “For as long as NASA can use my services, I will provide,” Glover said. “I love the leaders, and my colleagues are some amazing people. I will always want to work with them and serve them. So I hope they never make me go fully retired.” 格洛弗和怀斯曼在希望继续服务的每一年都需要重新申请荣誉身份。“只要 NASA 需要我的服务，我就会提供，”格洛弗说。“我热爱这里的领导，我的同事们都是了不起的人。我永远愿意与他们共事并为他们服务。所以我希望他们永远不要让我彻底退休。”