Drones sink ships near NATO countries in “unacceptable” attacks, EU says
Drones sink ships near NATO countries in “unacceptable” attacks, EU says
无人机在北约国家附近击沉船只，欧盟称袭击“不可接受”
Drones sank two cargo ships and damaged a third in the exclusive economic zones of NATO member countries for the first time, killing at least two sailors. The attacks represent a notable escalation as Black Sea commercial shipping has increasingly come under attack during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, with Russia also being accused of carrying out “hybrid warfare” incidents across Europe. 无人机首次在北约成员国的专属经济区内击沉了两艘货船并损坏了第三艘，造成至少两名船员死亡。随着俄罗斯对乌克兰的入侵持续，黑海商业航运日益受到攻击，此次袭击标志着局势的显著升级。此外，俄罗斯还被指控在欧洲各地实施“混合战争”行动。
The Togo-flagged cargo ship Alfa Watan sank, and the Palau-flagged cargo ship Able was set ablaze after being attacked by multiple sea and aerial drones about 80 miles (128 kilometers) off the coast of Bulgaria on October 6, according to the Associated Press. In an interview, Bulgarian Prime Minister Rumen Radev described the incidents as “an unacceptable attack in Bulgaria’s exclusive economic zone” and “a blatant violation of international law and maritime law.” 据美联社报道，10月6日，在距离保加利亚海岸约80英里（128公里）处，悬挂多哥国旗的货船“Alfa Watan”号被多架海空无人机袭击后沉没，悬挂帕劳国旗的“Able”号货船则起火燃烧。保加利亚总理鲁门·拉德夫在接受采访时称这些事件是“对保加利亚专属经济区不可接受的攻击”，是“对国际法和海洋法的公然践踏”。
The fate of the Alfa Watan’s crew was not immediately known after the vessel sank. A Bulgarian ferry managed to evacuate the 18 crew members of the Able, with two severely injured mariners being flown to a hospital in the city of Varna. This comes one day after drones struck the Turkish-owned cargo ship named Royad Mammadov within Romania’s exclusive economic zone in the Black Sea on October 5. “Alfa Watan”号沉没后，其船员下落不明。一艘保加利亚渡轮成功撤离了“Able”号上的18名船员，其中两名重伤船员被空运至瓦尔纳市的医院。在此前一天，即10月5日，无人机曾在罗马尼亚的黑海专属经济区内袭击了土耳其拥有的“Royad Mammadov”号货船。
That ship caught fire and eventually sank, with 11 crew members rescued by Romanian ships and helicopters while one crew member remains missing, according to Euronews. Two crew members were killed. European Union president Ursula von der Leyen described the drone strikes on the three vessels in the Black Sea as “increasingly concerning” in a post on X. But she also cautioned that the circumstances of the attacks are “still being established” without naming a probable attacker. 据欧洲新闻台报道，该船起火并最终沉没，罗马尼亚船只和直升机救出了11名船员，另有一名船员失踪，两名船员遇难。欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩在X平台上发文称，黑海三艘船只遭无人机袭击的情况“日益令人担忧”。但她同时也谨慎表示，袭击的具体情况“仍在调查中”，并未指明可能的袭击者。
“Attacks on civilian shipping are unacceptable,” Leyen wrote. “We stand in full solidarity with our Member States on the Eastern flank.” By contrast, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy described a joint investigation with Bulgaria’s navy as finding that the latest strikes represented a “Russian combined attack using both sea and aerial drones,” Reuters reported. Zelenskyy also said that Ukraine’s military was not conducting operations in that part of the Black Sea. “针对民用航运的袭击是不可接受的，”冯德莱恩写道，“我们与东翼成员国完全站在一起。”相比之下，据路透社报道，乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基表示，与保加利亚海军的联合调查显示，最近的袭击是“俄罗斯使用海空无人机进行的联合攻击”。泽连斯基还表示，乌克兰军队并未在黑海该区域进行任何行动。
Widening Black Sea warfare
黑海战争的扩大
The attacks represent the widening consequences of the ongoing war that escalated sharply with Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Despite lacking much of a traditional navy, Ukraine has successfully challenged Russian naval control of the Black Sea by deploying both aerial drones and drone boats to strike Russian warships and ports. 这些袭击反映了自2022年2月俄罗斯全面入侵乌克兰以来，持续战争所带来的后果正在不断扩大。尽管缺乏传统海军力量，乌克兰通过部署空中无人机和无人艇打击俄罗斯军舰和港口，成功挑战了俄罗斯对黑海的控制。
Ukrainian drones have also stepped up attacks on Russian-linked oil and gas tankers along with other supply ships. In a milestone for naval warfare, a Ukrainian sea drone even used a machine gun to sink a Russian kamikaze drone boat carrying explosives in September 2026. But Russia has also increasingly deployed its own aerial drones and sea drones to attack Ukrainian ships and ports, along with attacking international commercial ships carrying grain and other cargo from Ukraine or docked in Ukrainian ports. 乌克兰无人机还加强了对俄罗斯相关油气轮船及其他补给船的攻击。在海战史上的一个里程碑事件中，一架乌克兰无人艇甚至在2026年9月使用机枪击沉了一艘载有爆炸物的俄罗斯自杀式无人艇。但俄罗斯也越来越多地部署自己的空中和海上无人机，攻击乌克兰的船只和港口，并袭击从乌克兰运载谷物及其他货物，或停靠在乌克兰港口的国际商船。
The cargo ship Able was carrying wheat and sailing south when the drones attacked, while the Alfa Watan was heading north with the cargo being unknown. The Royad Mammadov had been carrying corn loaded in the Ukrainian port of Ismail when it was reportedly attacked by both aerial drones and drone boats. “Able”号货船在遭无人机袭击时正载着小麦向南航行，而“Alfa Watan”号则在向北航行，其载货情况不明。“Royad Mammadov”号在乌克兰伊斯梅尔港装载了玉米，据报道在航行中遭到了空中无人机和无人艇的联合袭击。
In a social media post reacting to the earlier attack on the Royad Mammadov, Zelenskyy condemned the “horrific strike by two Russian drones on a civilian vessel in neutral waters” and reiterated Ukrainian efforts to “de-escalate the situation and ensure security in the Black Sea.” “But Russia consistently chooses terror and sinking civilian vessels instead of normal maritime navigation,” Zelenskyy wrote. “Pressure is needed to restore global food security.” 在回应此前针对“Royad Mammadov”号的袭击时，泽连斯基在社交媒体上谴责了“俄罗斯两架无人机对中立水域民用船只的可怕袭击”，并重申乌克兰致力于“缓和局势并确保黑海安全”。“但俄罗斯始终选择恐怖手段和击沉民用船只，而不是正常的航海，”泽连斯基写道，“需要施加压力以恢复全球粮食安全。”
Zelenskyy also referred to “relevant proposals from third countries” on this topic. India has been holding discussions with both Ukraine and Russia on safeguarding shipping in the Black Sea and has generally called for a halt to the fighting, according to Bloomberg News. India has a strategic partnership with Russia that includes the Indian military using Russian fighter jets and air defense systems, while the country continues to purchase Russian oil for its energy needs. 泽连斯基还提到了“第三方国家”就此议题提出的“相关建议”。据彭博社报道，印度一直在与乌克兰和俄罗斯就保障黑海航运进行讨论，并普遍呼吁停止战斗。印度与俄罗斯拥有战略伙伴关系，包括印度军队使用俄罗斯战斗机和防空系统，同时印度也继续购买俄罗斯石油以满足其能源需求。
But many Indian citizens also work as seafarers on commercial vessels that have come under attack in the Black Sea and Strait of Hormuz, with three Indian nationals having been aboard the Royad Mammadov and one being injured in the attack. 然而，许多印度公民也在黑海和霍尔木兹海峡遭袭的商船上担任海员，其中有三名印度公民在“Royad Mammadov”号上，一人在袭击中受伤。
Hybrid warfare in Europe
欧洲的混合战争
The latest drone strikes on ships off the coasts of Romania and Bulgaria coincide with a growing number of incidents, attributed to Russian hybrid warfare or gray-zone tactics, aimed at multiple European countries within the NATO alliance. Russian embassy officials have denied this, but the evidence continues to accumulate, with multiple European governments pointing to Russia. 最近在罗马尼亚和保加利亚海岸附近发生的无人机袭击事件，与针对北约内部多个欧洲国家的、被归咎于俄罗斯混合战争或灰色地带战术的事件数量增加相吻合。俄罗斯大使馆官员对此予以否认，但证据不断积累，多个欧洲政府均将矛头指向俄罗斯。
For example, Romanian military divers previously destroyed two Russian-made drones found floating in the Black Sea near the vital European natural gas project called Neptun Deep in August. A few weeks later, Romania scrambled fighter jets to disable a Russian drone boat loaded with explosives that was also discovered near the same offshore gas platform. 例如，今年8月，罗马尼亚军事潜水员摧毁了两架在黑海漂浮的俄罗斯制造的无人机，这些无人机被发现靠近名为“Neptun Deep”的重要欧洲天然气项目。几周后，罗马尼亚紧急出动战斗机，瘫痪了一艘同样在同一海上天然气平台附近发现的载有爆炸物的俄罗斯无人艇。
Germany has also formally accused Russia of organizing an attempted explosive drone attack on Ukrainian cargo aircraft parked at Leipzig Airport in August. Meanwhile, Estonia has also described Russian special services as being behind an arson attack on the Estonian company Milrem Robotics, which supplies Ukraine with military robotic vehicles. Similarly, Poland has been investigating a fire at a state-owned satellite station using SpaceX’s Starlink communication service as an “act of sabotage.” 德国也正式指控俄罗斯策划了8月份针对停在莱比锡机场的乌克兰货机的爆炸无人机袭击企图。与此同时，爱沙尼亚也称俄罗斯特种部队是针对爱沙尼亚Milrem Robotics公司纵火袭击的幕后黑手，该公司为乌克兰提供军用机器人车辆。同样，波兰一直在调查一起针对使用SpaceX星链通信服务的国有卫星站的火灾，并将其定性为“破坏行为”。