ICE Planning $100M 'Nightmare' Domestic Spy Program

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Immigration and Customs Enforcement is fast-tracking a $100 million domestic surveillance program to put 142 intelligence agents in more than two dozen cities and the District of Columbia, in what contracting and surveillance experts said would be a significant expansion of the agency’s ability to reach into private lives.

美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）正在加速推进一项耗资 1 亿美元的国内监控计划，旨在向二十多个城市及哥伦比亚特区派遣 142 名情报人员。合同与监控专家表示，这将大幅扩展该机构渗透个人生活的能力。

The new program is called the Enforcement and Removal Operations Overwatch and National Security Enforcement, or ERO ONE, described in documents posted last month on federal procurement websites.

这项新计划被称为“执法与驱逐行动监视及国家安全执法”（ERO ONE），相关文件已于上月发布在联邦采购网站上。

Under the program, agents would analyze classified and unclassified information to identify “trends, patterns, relationships, threats, and intelligence gaps,” and provide ICE with briefings for Enforcement and Removal Operation missions, according to a statement of work published on September 18. A forecasting document published a week earlier said that the solicitation will likely be released on December 10. Intelligence contracting experts said the timeline suggests ICE will award the contract around February.

根据 9 月 18 日发布的工作说明书，在该计划下，特工将分析机密和非机密信息，以识别“趋势、模式、关系、威胁和情报缺口”，并为 ICE 的执法与驱逐行动任务提供简报。一周前发布的一份预测文件显示，招标书可能会在 12 月 10 日发布。情报合同专家表示，这一时间表表明 ICE 将在 2 月左右授予合同。

“It looks dangerously like the construction of an internal spying agency,” said Jay Stanley, senior policy analyst with the American Civil Liberties Union’s Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project, who has written extensively on immigration agencies’ mass surveillance. “It’s a nightmare in the making.”

“这看起来危险地像是建立了一个内部间谍机构，”美国公民自由联盟言论、隐私与技术项目高级政策分析师杰伊·斯坦利（Jay Stanley）表示，他曾撰写大量关于移民机构大规模监控的文章。“这是一场正在酝酿的噩梦。”

It’s also a weapon that the government will likely use against not only undocumented immigrants, but everyone else, too. That includes political enemies, intelligence experts said. Speaking with the Prospect on Monday as news broke that the Trump regime had raided progressive Minnesota Rep. Ilhan Omar’s D.C. home, former military intelligence analyst Michael Wriston said that “you’d expect to see more of this” under ERO ONE.

情报专家表示，这也是政府可能不仅用于对付无证移民，还会用于对付其他所有人的武器，其中包括政治对手。周一，当特朗普政权突袭进步派明尼苏达州众议员伊尔汗·奥马尔（Ilhan Omar）在华盛顿特区的住所的消息传出时，前军事情报分析师迈克尔·里斯顿（Michael Wriston）在接受《展望》杂志采访时表示，“在 ERO ONE 计划下，你会预见到更多此类事件发生。”

“Not just necessarily sitting members of Congress, but anyone, and especially members of the immigrant community,” Wriston said. “No one is safe. No one.”

“不一定只是现任国会议员，而是任何人，尤其是移民社区的成员，”里斯顿说。“没有人是安全的。没有人。”

THE PLAN DOES NOT SPECIFY WHAT OR WHOM ICE is looking for with this increased spying capability. But one of the components that caused former intelligence contractors’ concern was that ERO ONE agents will analyze both classified and nonclassified information to produce “network, link and relationship” analyses. That type of analysis involves researching not only a target, but also every other person to whom they’re connected, including household members, family members, friends, acquaintances, or the person with whom they carpool to work.

该计划并未明确说明 ICE 利用这种增强的间谍能力究竟在寻找什么或谁。但令前情报承包商感到担忧的组成部分之一是，ERO ONE 特工将分析机密和非机密信息，以生成“网络、链接和关系”分析。这种分析不仅涉及研究目标，还涉及与目标有关联的每一个人，包括家庭成员、亲属、朋友、熟人，甚至是与他们拼车上班的人。

According to the statement of work, contractors will be tasked with conducting analytical research “to identify and assess relationships among individuals, organizations, locations, events, activities, data points, and other entities.” They will review information to identify “known, reported, or potential relationships; recurring patterns; organizational structures; associations; areas of convergence; temporal or geographic connections; and other linkages relevant to the assigned intelligence requirement.” Contractors will then “evaluate the significance and reliability” of the relationships and “prepare link charts, network diagrams, timelines, analytical summaries, written assessments, or other related products” for ICE to use.

根据工作说明书，承包商的任务是进行分析研究，“以识别和评估个人、组织、地点、事件、活动、数据点和其他实体之间的关系”。他们将审查信息以识别“已知的、报告的或潜在的关系；重复出现的模式；组织结构；关联；汇合区域；时间或地理联系；以及与指定情报需求相关的其他链接”。随后，承包商将“评估这些关系的意义和可靠性”，并为 ICE 准备“链接图、网络图、时间表、分析摘要、书面评估或其他相关产品”。

Military intelligence agents compile the same type of research, Wriston said. He knows because he did that job.

里斯顿说，军事情报人员也会编制同样类型的研究。他之所以知道，是因为他曾经做过那份工作。

“We’ve seen this time and time again. It’s the imperial boomerang,” said Wriston, who is also a data journalist and the founder of ICE watchdog group Project Salt Box, where he reported on ERO ONE the day the first document went live and has written about it since. “These are the kinds of things that happened in Afghanistan, Iraq, Yemen, Syria, for years. Now that methodology is being brought into the ICE space.”

“我们一次又一次地看到这种情况。这就是帝国回旋镖，”里斯顿说。他也是一名数据记者和 ICE 监督组织“盐盒计划”（Project Salt Box）的创始人，他在第一份文件发布当天就报道了 ERO ONE，并自此持续撰写相关文章。“这些事情多年来在阿富汗、伊拉克、也门和叙利亚都发生过。现在，这种方法论正被引入到 ICE 的领域中。”

Federal documents likewise do not detail the specific sources of information agents will analyze, only that all agents must possess previously awarded active top secret clearance, with eligibility to access Sensitive Compartmented Information. That’s a type of information that must be accessed through certain formal control systems managed by the Director of National Intelligence, a position held by Trump ally Jay Clayton. The agents will not make any decisions about what to do with the information they compile.

联邦文件同样没有详细说明特工将分析的具体信息来源，只提到所有特工必须拥有此前获得的现行最高机密许可，并有资格访问“敏感隔离信息”（Sensitive Compartmented Information）。这类信息必须通过由国家情报总监管理的特定正式控制系统进行访问，该职位目前由特朗普的盟友杰伊·克莱顿（Jay Clayton）担任。特工们不会对如何处理他们汇编的信息做出任何决定。

Wriston said that except for the fact that ICE officials are trying to make immigration a matter of national security, it’s unclear why they need this program when they already have the Homeland Security Investigations unit, which conducted the raid on Omar’s house, to research targets. His immediate worry, he said, is that the program will make it easier for the government to find terrified immigrants hiding at home because they think they’ll be safe there.

里斯顿表示，除了 ICE 官员试图将移民问题上升为国家安全问题外，目前尚不清楚他们为何需要这个计划，因为他们已经拥有了负责研究目标的国土安全调查部门（该部门执行了对奥马尔住所的突袭）。他说，他最直接的担忧是，该计划将使政府更容易找到那些因为认为家里安全而躲藏起来的惊恐移民。

ICE PLANS TO SEND THE 142 AGENTS, plus two project managers, to locations in Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Dallas, D.C., Denver, Detroit, El Paso, Harlingen (Texas), Houston, Laguna Niguel (California), Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Newark, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, Seattle, St. Paul, and Williston (Vermont), according to the statement of work.

根据工作说明书，ICE 计划将这 142 名特工及两名项目经理派往亚特兰大、波士顿、布法罗、芝加哥、达拉斯、华盛顿特区、丹佛、底特律、埃尔帕索、哈林根（德克萨斯州）、休斯顿、拉古纳尼格尔（加利福尼亚州）、洛杉矶、迈阿密、新奥尔良、纽约、纽瓦克、费城、凤凰城、盐湖城、圣安东尼奥、圣地亚哥、旧金山、西雅图、圣保罗和威利斯顿（佛蒙特州）。

Details in the document, and the rapid timeline, show that the Trump administration intends to use the program immediately, said Brian Murphy, a government contractor who worked for 25 years with ICE parent agency DHS. It’s rare for the government to only want work.

曾在 ICE 的母机构国土安全部（DHS）工作了 25 年的政府承包商布莱恩·墨菲（Brian Murphy）表示，文件中的细节和快速的时间表表明，特朗普政府打算立即使用该计划。政府只想要工作成果的情况并不多见。