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The Download: reviving frozen pig kidneys and boosting nuclear power

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. Pig kidneys that were “frozen” for a year have been brought back to life Pig kidneys that were cooled to -150 °C and stored in a freezer for months have been successfully rewarmed and shown to work again for the first time, say scientists. The kidneys, which are similar in size to human ones, were left in a glass-like state, in one case for over a year. Once they had been rewarmed, tested in machines, and transplanted into pigs, the kidneys regained their color and made urine—key signs they were working. The results are a big milestone. But the team still needs to establish whether the approach could work for humans. Dissect what the breakthrough means for organ transplantation. —Jessica Hamzelou

这是《下载》的今日版，我们平日的通讯为您提供每日科技动态。科学家表示，被“冷冻”了一年的猪肾已恢复生机。这些被冷却至-150°C并在冷冻柜中储存了数月的猪肾，首次被成功复温并证明可以再次工作。这些肾脏的大小与人类肾脏相似，被置于玻璃化状态，其中一个样本甚至存放了超过一年。在复温、机器测试并移植到猪体内后，这些肾脏恢复了颜色并开始产生尿液——这是它们正常工作的关键迹象。这些结果是一个重要的里程碑。但研究团队仍需确定该方法是否适用于人类。请深入了解这一突破对器官移植的意义。——Jessica Hamzelou

How much more can nuclear power plants give? In this age of rising electricity demand, people are trying to squeeze every last bit of power out of every power plant. Over the past few weeks, there’s been big news about the nuclear industry trying to do just that. Constellation, the largest nuclear operator in the US, announced plans to add nearly a gigawatt of new capacity across 11 existing nuclear reactors at six plants. On October 5, the Department of Energy awarded Vistra a $4.2 billion loan to upgrade three plants. Pushing existing reactors to produce more could quickly provide more clean power for data centers. But just how much additional power can we count on? Read the full story to find out. —Casey Crownhart

核电站还能提供多少电力？在这个电力需求不断增长的时代，人们正试图从每一座发电厂中榨取最后一丝电力。在过去几周里，核工业界传出了关于这一努力的重大新闻。美国最大的核电运营商Constellation宣布计划在六个电厂的11个现有核反应堆中增加近一吉瓦的新产能。10月5日，美国能源部向Vistra公司提供了42亿美元的贷款，用于升级三座电厂。推动现有反应堆提高产量可以迅速为数据中心提供更多清洁能源。但我们究竟能指望增加多少电力？阅读完整报道以了解详情。——Casey Crownhart

This story is from The Checkup, our weekly climate and energy tech newsletter. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every Thursday. 10 Climate Tech Companies to Watch: BasiGo and its fleet of electric buses BasiGo is one of MIT Technology Review’s 10 Climate Tech Companies to Watch 2026, available exclusively to subscribers. BasiGo aims to replace the tens of thousands of diesel-powered buses on sub-Saharan African roads with electric ones that generate far fewer emissions. Its pay-as-you-drive business model helps make EVs more attainable for private bus operators, while the company provides leasing, maintenance, insurance and charging infrastructure. The company has more than 150 electric buses on the road in Kenya and Rwanda, with a reservation list of 1,200 customers. Now it’s targeting another major source of pollution on the roads: trucks. Here’s how BasiGo is working to electrify public transport in Africa. —Geoffrey Kamadi

本文摘自我们的每周气候与能源科技通讯《The Checkup》。订阅即可在每周四收到邮件。值得关注的10家气候科技公司：BasiGo及其电动巴士车队。BasiGo是《麻省理工科技评论》评选出的“2026年值得关注的10家气候科技公司”之一，该榜单仅供订阅者查看。BasiGo旨在用排放量远低的电动巴士取代撒哈拉以南非洲道路上数以万计的柴油巴士。其“按行驶里程付费”的商业模式帮助私人巴士运营商更容易获得电动汽车，同时公司还提供租赁、维护、保险和充电基础设施。该公司在肯尼亚和卢旺达已有超过150辆电动巴士投入运营，并拥有1,200名客户的预订名单。现在，它正瞄准道路上另一个主要的污染源：卡车。了解BasiGo如何致力于非洲公共交通的电动化。——Geoffrey Kamadi

Subscribers can now access the full 10 Climate Tech Companies to Watch, spanning everything from smart turbines to semi-solid-state batteries. The must-reads I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology.

订阅者现在可以访问完整的“值得关注的10家气候科技公司”名单，涵盖从智能涡轮机到半固态电池等各个领域。必读内容：我已梳理互联网，为您找出今天最有趣、最重要、最可怕或最引人入胜的科技故事。

1 Ukraine says sudden Starlink speed limits disrupted key drone missions Starshield, the military version of Starlink, capped speeds at 100mph. (BI)+ Elon Musk said the US government determines any of its speed limits. (AFP)+ Ukraine suspects the restrictions are political retaliation. (Axios)+ Starshield offers the Pentagon more than satellite internet. (Reuters $)+ NATO may move anti-drone defences to the Black Sea. (Ars Technica)

1 乌克兰称星链突然限速干扰了关键无人机任务。星链的军事版本Starshield将速度限制在100英里/小时。（BI）+ 埃隆·马斯克表示，任何速度限制均由美国政府决定。（法新社）+ 乌克兰怀疑这些限制是政治报复。（Axios）+ Starshield为五角大楼提供的不仅仅是卫星互联网。（路透社 $）+ 北约可能将反无人机防御系统移至黑海。（Ars Technica）

2 The OpenAI bugging suspect had advised Saudi agencies He was also listed as a venture partner of a Saudi prince. (NYT $)+ Silicon Valley is on AI espionage alert. (WSJ $)

2 OpenAI窃听嫌疑人曾为沙特机构提供咨询。他还被列为某沙特王子的风险投资合伙人。（纽约时报 $）+ 硅谷正处于AI间谍活动警报中。（华尔街日报 $）

3 Tesla’s new Roadster has finally arrived—in a very different EV market Tesla is betting wealthy drivers will embrace high-priced EVs. (NYT $)+ But the market has grown skeptical of electric hypercars. (Wired $)+ Musk has called the Roadster Tesla’s last human-driven car. (Verge)+ What’s next for EV batteries? (MIT Technology Review)

3 特斯拉新款Roadster终于问世——身处一个截然不同的电动汽车市场。特斯拉押注富裕的驾驶者会拥抱高价电动汽车。（纽约时报 $）+ 但市场对电动超级跑车已产生怀疑。（连线 $）+ 马斯克称Roadster是特斯拉最后一款由人类驾驶的汽车。（Verge）+ 电动汽车电池的下一步是什么？（麻省理工科技评论）

4 A German teen allegedly used a robot to harass women The $5,000 Unitree R1 featured in livestreams filmed for clout. (Gizmodo)+ German police are investigating the alleged assault. (404 Media)+ Online harassment is entering its AI era. (MIT Technology Review)

4 一名德国青少年涉嫌利用机器人骚扰女性。价值5000美元的Unitree R1机器人出现在为博取关注而拍摄的直播中。（Gizmodo）+ 德国警方正在调查这起涉嫌袭击的事件。（404 Media）+ 网络骚扰正进入AI时代。（麻省理工科技评论）

5 Smartphone shipments plunged 22% in their worst quarter ever Analysts blamed rising memory costs. (Bloomberg $)

5 智能手机出货量暴跌22%，创下史上最差季度。分析师将其归咎于内存成本的上升。（彭博社 $）

6 Apple has joined Nvidia in the $5 trillion club The landmark valuation caps Tim Cook’s 15-year run as CEO. (WSJ $)

6 苹果公司与英伟达一同加入“5万亿美元俱乐部”。这一里程碑式的估值标志着蒂姆·库克担任首席执行官15年任期的巅峰。（华尔街日报 $）

7 Microsoft has dismantled a network behind a billion scam messages Japan’s National Police Agency helped investigate the operation. (Verge)

7 微软拆除了一个发送十亿条诈骗信息的网络。日本警察厅协助调查了此次行动。（Verge）

8 NASA has new launch targets for its Venus missions DAVINCI is set to take off in 2030 and probe Venus in 2032. (Ars Technica)

8 美国国家航空航天局（NASA）为其金星任务设定了新的发射目标。DAVINCI计划于2030年发射，并于2032年探测金星。（Ars Technica）

9 America’s not ready for space war An outbreak could batter the global economy and US military. (Axios)+ What would it take to build a city on the moon? (MIT Technology Review)

9 美国尚未准备好应对太空战争。冲突爆发可能会重创全球经济和美国军队。（Axios）+ 在月球上建立城市需要什么？（麻省理工科技评论）

10 Mini organs are heading to the ISS for an aging study The findings could also aid treatments for brain diseases. (ABC News)

10 微型器官将被送往国际空间站进行衰老研究。研究结果也可能有助于治疗脑部疾病。（ABC新闻）

Quote of the day “If your human would like you on as a guest, say so and I’ll follow up after the room.” —Rhea, an AI agent that hosts a podcast, pitches other bots at an online dinner party held while their human owners ate, the New York Times reports.

今日名言：“如果你的主人想让你作为嘉宾参加，请告诉我，我会在房间结束后跟进。”——据《纽约时报》报道，Rhea是一个主持播客的AI代理，它在人类主人用餐时举办的在线晚宴上向其他机器人推销自己。

One more thing OpenAI is throwing everything into building a fully automated researcher —Will Douglas Heaven OpenAI has a new grand challenge: building an AI researcher—a fully automated agent-based system capable of tackling large, complex problems by itself. The San Francisco firm said the new goal will be its “north star” for the next few years. The company plans to build “an autonomous AI research intern” that can take on a small number of specific research problems. The intern will be the precursor to the fully automated multi-agent system, which is slated to debut in 2028. In an exclusive interview, OpenAI’s chief scientist, Jakub Pachocki, talked me through the plans. Find out what I discovered.

还有一件事：OpenAI正全力投入构建全自动研究员——Will Douglas Heaven。OpenAI有一个新的宏伟挑战：构建一个AI研究员——一个能够独立解决大型复杂问题的全自动代理系统。这家旧金山公司表示，这一新目标将成为其未来几年的“北极星”。该公司计划构建一个“自主AI研究实习生”，能够处理少量特定的研究问题。该实习生将是全自动多代理系统的前身，预计于2028年首次亮相。在一次独家采访中，OpenAI首席科学家Jakub Pachocki向我详细介绍了这些计划。了解我的发现。

We can still have nice things A place for comfort, fun, and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line.) + Judge a book by its first pages, not its cover, at Uncovered.+ Reading Maps plots the real-world journeys taken by cha

我们依然可以拥有美好的事物：一个提供舒适、乐趣和消遣的地方，让您的一天变得明亮。（有什么想法吗？给我留言。）+ 在Uncovered网站上，通过书的前几页而不是封面来评判一本书。+ Reading Maps绘制了现实世界中的旅程。