本文为原文前 6,000 字符的节选翻译，完整内容请查看原文。

Websites are closing their doors to AI agents

OpenAI, Meta, and Google want AI agents to do everything for you. But popular services on the web aren’t letting that happen.

OpenAI、Meta 和 Google 希望 AI 智能体能为你代劳一切。但网络上的热门服务并不打算让这种情况发生。

Autonomous agents are the hottest thing in AI. OpenAI, Meta, Google, Instinct, and others promise their agents can scour the internet on your behalf, doing anything from booking a dinner reservation and cleaning out your inbox to buying new shoes. But what happens when the rest of the internet won’t play nice?

自主智能体是目前人工智能领域最热门的事物。OpenAI、Meta、Google、Instinct 等公司承诺，它们的智能体可以代表你搜寻互联网，完成从预订晚餐、清理收件箱到购买新鞋等任何任务。但如果互联网的其他部分不配合，会发生什么呢？

In recent weeks, users of services like Meta’s Muse, xAI’s Grok, OpenAI’s Dots, and Instinct have reported blocks preventing their AI agents from performing tasks across top websites. Yelp told TechCrunch that it only allows AI agents that pay for its data licensing program, while Delta Air Lines is preventing them from booking tickets on behalf of users. JPMorgan Chase and Charles Schwab have also confirmed that they’re blocking AI agents from accessing accounts due to security concerns. Some users say sites that previously worked with their AI agent are no longer accessible, including Cars.com and Amtrak, suggesting other companies could be quietly blocking them.

最近几周，Meta 的 Muse、xAI 的 Grok、OpenAI 的 Dots 和 Instinct 等服务的用户报告称，他们遇到了阻碍，导致其 AI 智能体无法在各大主流网站上执行任务。Yelp 向 TechCrunch 表示，它只允许付费参与其数据许可计划的 AI 智能体访问，而达美航空则禁止它们代表用户预订机票。摩根大通和嘉信理财也证实，出于安全考虑，他们正在阻止 AI 智能体访问账户。一些用户表示，以前可以与 AI 智能体配合使用的网站现在已无法访问，包括 Cars.com 和 Amtrak，这表明其他公司可能也在悄悄进行封锁。

Amazon was already fighting off AI agents last year when it banned Perplexity’s agentic shopping feature and sued the AI startup, raising legal and practical questions about the future of agents on the web. At the time, Amazon claimed it “repeatedly requested” that Perplexity stop allowing its AI agents to shop on its website, adding that third-party companies that purchase items on behalf of customers “should operate openly and respect service provider decisions whether or not to participate.”

亚马逊去年就已经在抵制 AI 智能体，当时它封禁了 Perplexity 的智能购物功能并起诉了这家 AI 初创公司，这引发了关于网络智能体未来的法律和实践问题。当时，亚马逊声称它“多次要求”Perplexity 停止允许其 AI 智能体在其网站上购物，并补充说，代表客户购买商品的第三方公司“应该公开运营，并尊重服务提供商是否参与的决定”。

Perplexity responded by pointing out that Amazon doesn’t want AI agents roaming its platform because it won’t get as many human eyeballs in front of its ads — which is an actual issue for the ecommerce giant. The AI startup likened its AI agent to an extension of the user, arguing that Amazon “does not believe in your right to hire labor, to have an assistant or an employee acting on your behalf.” While a judge later ordered Perplexity to stop its AI agents from shopping on its website, an appeals court overturned this ruling in August. Amazon has since filed an amended complaint.

Perplexity 回应称，亚马逊不希望 AI 智能体在其平台上游荡，是因为这样会导致其广告失去大量人类观众的关注——这对这家电商巨头来说是一个实际问题。这家 AI 初创公司将自己的 AI 智能体比作用户的延伸，认为亚马逊“不相信你有权雇佣劳动力，或拥有一个代表你行事的助理或员工”。虽然法官后来下令 Perplexity 停止其 AI 智能体在其网站上购物，但上诉法院在 8 月推翻了这一裁决。此后，亚马逊提交了一份修订后的诉状。

This ongoing legal battle didn’t stop OpenAI, Meta, and Google from rolling out agents of their own. But they’re dealing with the same problems as Perplexity. Muse, Meta’s deceptively cute AI assistant, most recently faced the wrath of Amazon, which said its “continued access” violates its site policies. There are reports of xAI’s Grok, Instinct’s AI agent, and OpenAI’s Dots being unable to use Amazon as well. xAI owner Elon Musk responded by saying that maybe he “should start a competitor to Amazon.” The more places bots struggle to access, the greater the questions about how useful they are.

这场持续的法律斗争并没有阻止 OpenAI、Meta 和 Google 推出自己的智能体。但它们正面临着与 Perplexity 同样的问题。Meta 那款看起来人畜无害的 AI 助手 Muse 最近遭到了亚马逊的抵制，亚马逊称其“持续访问”违反了网站政策。有报道称，xAI 的 Grok、Instinct 的 AI 智能体和 OpenAI 的 Dots 也无法使用亚马逊。xAI 的所有者埃隆·马斯克回应称，也许他“应该创办一家与亚马逊竞争的公司”。机器人难以访问的地方越多，人们对它们实用性的质疑就越大。

“Does this impact the perceived value of the Anthropics and the OpenAIs? I would say absolutely,” Chris Canal, the CEO of the AI safety evaluator EquiStamp, tells The Verge. “One of the claims is that they’re going to permeate every aspect of our lives and be able to do anything that we could do online. If there are companies that are actively working to make that not happen, there are just fewer useful things the agents can do.”

“这会影响 Anthropic 和 OpenAI 等公司的感知价值吗？我认为绝对会，”AI 安全评估机构 EquiStamp 的首席执行官 Chris Canal 告诉 The Verge。“它们声称将渗透到我们生活的方方面面，并能完成我们在网上能做的任何事情。如果有公司在积极努力阻止这种情况发生，那么智能体能做的有用事情就会变少。”

Meta responded to instances of websites blocking Muse in a post earlier than this month. “Turning away a personal agent means turning away the customer behind it,” the company says. “We’d rather work with businesses to address the underlying concerns than see them lose that customer.” Instead of trying to fight Amazon, the company has partnered with retailers like Walmart, Gap, Sephora, Best Buy, and others, allowing Muse to shop on their sites. At the same time, Shopify has also opened its network of storefronts to AI agents.

Meta 在本月初的一篇帖子中回应了网站封锁 Muse 的情况。“拒绝一个个人智能体意味着拒绝其背后的客户，”该公司表示。“我们宁愿与企业合作解决潜在的担忧，也不愿看到他们失去客户。”该公司没有试图与亚马逊对抗，而是与沃尔玛、Gap、丝芙兰、百思买等零售商建立了合作关系，允许 Muse 在这些网站上购物。与此同时，Shopify 也向 AI 智能体开放了其店面网络。

The Verge reached out to OpenAI and Google with requests for comments on the roadblocks their AI agents are facing but didn’t immediately hear back. Instinct declined to comment.

The Verge 联系了 OpenAI 和 Google，请求就其 AI 智能体面临的障碍发表评论，但未立即收到回复。Instinct 拒绝置评。

Even if websites aren’t banning AI agents outright, agents may still be clashing with anti-bot systems, which have become ubiquitous across the web. Reports on Reddit suggest that Google is blocking some accounts that use Muse due to “suspicious activity,” while others have reported issues checking out on Walmart despite its Meta partnership. “There are all kinds of things that are set up not even to block agents, but to block in general bots or programs that are trying to scam or hack,” Canal adds. “These AI agents trigger those same safeguards.”

即使网站没有直接封禁 AI 智能体，智能体仍可能与反机器人系统发生冲突，这些系统在网络上已无处不在。Reddit 上的报告显示，Google 正在封锁一些使用 Muse 的账户，理由是“可疑活动”，而其他人则报告称，尽管沃尔玛与 Meta 有合作，但在沃尔玛结账时仍遇到问题。“有各种各样的设置，它们甚至不是为了阻止智能体，而是为了阻止试图诈骗或黑客攻击的通用机器人或程序，”Canal 补充道。“这些 AI 智能体触发了同样的保护机制。”

The web architecture provider Cloudflare has also played a role in helping sites clamp down on unwanted AI visitors. After introducing a one-click block for AI crawlers in 2025, Cloudflare began blocking crawlers that simultaneously scrape websites for both search indexing and AI training. The move is part of Cloudflare’s efforts to save the web from an influx of AI bots, which is putting a strain on internet infrastructure and wreaking havoc on email inboxes, and which could eventually make it even harder than it already is to compete against bots when purchasing concert tickets, booking reservations, or trying to get ahold of certain products.

网络架构提供商 Cloudflare 也在帮助网站打击不受欢迎的 AI 访问者方面发挥了作用。在 2025 年引入针对 AI 爬虫的一键封锁功能后，Cloudflare 开始封锁那些同时进行搜索索引和 AI 训练抓取的爬虫。此举是 Cloudflare 拯救网络免受 AI 机器人涌入影响的努力的一部分，这些机器人正在给互联网基础设施带来压力，并对电子邮件收件箱造成破坏，最终可能使人们在购买演唱会门票、预订座位或试图获取某些产品时，与机器人竞争变得比现在更加困难。

While these blocks may help keep some AI agents and bots out of a website, Canal says they will ultimately make the web more “annoying” to use as more sites roll out interfaces to confirm you’re not a robot.

虽然这些封锁可能有助于将一些 AI 智能体和机器人拒之门外，但 Canal 表示，随着越来越多的网站推出验证你不是机器人的界面，这最终会让网络变得更加“令人烦恼”。