Inverse Modeling for Laser Pulse Shape Design in Inertial Confinement Fusion

Title: Inverse Modeling for Laser Pulse Shape Design in Inertial Confinement Fusion

标题：惯性约束聚变中激光脉冲形状设计的反向建模

Abstract: The achievement of practical fusion energy remains one of the most pressing unsolved scientific challenges, with immense implications for carbon-free power. A critical factor in the success of Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) is the design of a Laser Pulse Shape (LP) that can optimally drive implosions under stringent physical constraints.

摘要：实现实用的聚变能源仍然是最紧迫且尚未解决的科学挑战之一，这对无碳能源具有巨大的意义。惯性约束聚变（ICF）成功的关键因素在于设计一种能够在严格物理约束下优化驱动内爆的激光脉冲形状（LP）。

Traditional LP design relies on computationally expensive simulations and manual iterative refinement. We introduce the ICF Laser Pulse Shape Design System (LPDS), a generative inverse modeling framework that maps desired outcomes and target pellet configurations directly to optimized LPs.

传统的 LP 设计依赖于计算成本高昂的模拟和人工迭代优化。我们引入了 ICF 激光脉冲形状设计系统（LPDS），这是一个生成式反向建模框架，可将期望的结果和目标靶丸配置直接映射为优化的 LP。

Crucially, we design a multi-objective loss function to ensure the generated LPs satisfy fundamental physical constraints and experimental requirements. Furthermore, we present constraint-conditioning, inpainting, and gradient-based LP editing mechanisms for fine-grained control over specific pulse characteristics during generation.

至关重要的是，我们设计了一个多目标损失函数，以确保生成的 LP 满足基本的物理约束和实验要求。此外，我们还提出了约束条件、图像修复和基于梯度的 LP 编辑机制，以便在生成过程中对特定的脉冲特性进行精细控制。

Moreover, we study the transfer of our framework to a limited set of real experimental shots. Our method establishes a data-driven inverse design framework for LP design in ICF, contributing to the advancement of practical and sustainable fusion energy.

此外，我们研究了将该框架迁移到有限的一组真实实验射击中的情况。我们的方法为 ICF 中的 LP 设计建立了一个数据驱动的反向设计框架，为实用且可持续的聚变能源的进步做出了贡献。